Shenandoah Mountain Act

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Bill ID: 119/s/1681
Last Updated: December 10, 2025

Sponsored by

Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA]

ID: K000384

Follow the money

The bill

Shenandoah Mountain Act

S. 1681, 119th Congress β€” read as touching Oil & Gas.

The sponsor

Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$138,300 raised

30 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 214.

October 26, 2025

Introduced

πŸ“ Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

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Committee Review

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Floor Action

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Passed Senate

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House Review

πŸŽ‰

Passed Congress

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Presidential Action

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Became Law

πŸ“š How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another exercise in legislative theater, courtesy of Senators Kaine and Warner. Let's dissect this farce, shall we?

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The Shenandoah Mountain Act aims to establish a National Scenic Area in Virginia, covering approximately 92,562 acres of National Forest System land. The bill's proponents claim it will protect the area's scenic quality, water resources, wildlife habitats, and old-growth forests while providing recreational opportunities.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill creates a new National Scenic Area, which includes existing National Forest System lands and Wilderness Areas. It also establishes guidelines for administration, recreation, and trail management within the area. The most notable provision is the protection of the Cow Knob salamander's habitat – because, clearly, this is the most pressing issue facing our nation.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The usual suspects are involved:

* Environmental groups: They'll likely applaud the bill as a victory for conservation, despite its toothless provisions. * Local communities: Some may benefit from increased tourism and recreational activities, while others might be concerned about potential restrictions on land use. * Logging and mining industries: They'll probably grumble about the loss of access to resources, but will ultimately find ways to exploit loopholes in the bill. * The Secretary of Agriculture: This poor soul will have to navigate the bureaucratic nightmare created by this legislation.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill is a masterclass in legislative obfuscation. Beneath its feel-good language lies a mess of vague provisions, conflicting priorities, and unenforceable regulations. In reality:

* The National Scenic Area designation will likely lead to increased tourism, which may harm the very environment it's supposed to protect. * The bill's recreation provisions are so watered down that they'll have little impact on actual land use or conservation efforts. * The Cow Knob salamander's habitat will probably remain unprotected, as the bill relies on voluntary compliance from landowners and lacks meaningful enforcement mechanisms.

In short, this bill is a cynical exercise in greenwashing, designed to appease environmental groups while doing nothing to address the real issues facing our nation. It's a perfect example of legislative theater: all sound and fury, signifying nothing.

Related Topics

Public Lands & Natural ResourcesWildlife & Endangered Species
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

πŸ’° Campaign Finance Network

Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA]

Congress 119 β€’ 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$138,300
19 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$9,800
Committees
$0
Individuals
$128,500

No PAC contributions found

1
THE CHICKASAW NATION
3 transactions
$4,300
2
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
3 transactions
$2,000
3
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
1 transaction
$1,000
4
CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA
1 transaction
$1,000
5
CHEROKEE NATION
1 transaction
$1,000
6
STONEHALL FARM
1 transaction
$500

No committee contributions found

1
BROWN, MARY K.
2 transactions
$15,100
2
THOMAS, TORI WINKLER
2 transactions
$13,200
3
BERG, MILDRED
2 transactions
$13,200
4
MILLER, CAROLE
2 transactions
$13,200
5
LAUDER, LEONARD A.
2 transactions
$12,000
6
MARQUEZ, DARIO O. JR
2 transactions
$11,600
7
SEMANS, TRUMAN T.
2 transactions
$10,000
8
BROWN, SCOTT S.
1 transaction
$9,200
9
SHUMADINE, CONRAD
1 transaction
$6,700
10
COLLEY, MARK D.
1 transaction
$6,600
11
CRAIG, FRANCES B.
1 transaction
$6,200
12
CHAI, CHUCKRA
1 transaction
$6,200
13
SCRIPPS, WENDY
1 transaction
$5,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 1 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Sen. Warner, Mark R. [D-VA]

ID: W000805

Top Contributors

10

1
AMERICAN HEALTHCARE, LLC
OrganizationROANOKE, VA
$5,300
Sep 25, 2024
2
CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA
OrganizationDURANT, OK
$600
Sep 28, 2023
3
CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA
OrganizationDURANT, OK
$400
Sep 28, 2023
4
DEKKER, DAVID T.
PILLSBURY β€’ VICE CHAIR
IndividualBETHESDA, MD
$9,900
Dec 31, 2024
5
TULL, THOMAS
TULCO β€’ CEO
IndividualLOS ANGELES, CA
$6,000
Nov 21, 2024
6
SWARTZ, SUSAN
SELF EMPLOYED β€’ ARTIST
IndividualPARK CITY, UT
$3,300
Jul 31, 2023
7
MATNEY, JOHN
RAPOCA ENERGY COMPANY β€’ PARTNER
IndividualBRISTOL, VA
$3,300
Aug 29, 2023
8
MILLONES, PETER
BOOKING HOLDINGS INC. β€’ ATTORNEY
IndividualDARIEN, CT
$3,300
Sep 29, 2023
9
MATNEY, JUSTIN K
SELF EMPLOYED β€’ BUSINESS OWNER
IndividualBRISTOL, VA
$3,300
Aug 29, 2023
10
MATNEY, JOHN
RAPOCA ENERGY COMPANY β€’ PARTNER
IndividualBRISTOL, VA
$3,300
Aug 29, 2023

Donor Network - Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

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Showing 58 nodes and 33 connections (80 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $144,600

Top Donors - Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA]

Showing top 19 donors by contribution amount

6 Orgs13 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 5 harmed.

  • βˆ’Oil & Gasconfidence 0.90

    Section 3(o)(1)(C) withdraws Federal land within the National Scenic Area from 'operation of the mineral leasing and geothermal leasing laws', which would prohibit new oil and gas leasing and drilling on those lands.

  • βˆ’Coal Miningconfidence 0.90

    Section 3(o)(1)(B) withdraws Federal land within the National Scenic Area from 'location, entry, and patent under the mining laws', which would prohibit new coal mining claims and operations on those lands.

  • βˆ’Renewable Energyconfidence 0.90

    Section 3(o)(1)(D) withdraws Federal land within the National Scenic Area from 'wind, solar, or other renewable energy development', which would prohibit new renewable energy projects on those lands.

  • Section 3(o)(1)(E) withdraws Federal land within the National Scenic Area from 'designation of new utility corridors, utility rights-of-way, or communications sites', which would prohibit new pipelines, transmission lines, and related energy infrastructure on those lands.

  • Section 3(f)(2) states 'No new roads shall be constructed in the National Scenic Area after the date of enactment of this Act', which limits road construction and related engineering work within the area.

Who funds the sponsor on these industries

For each industry this bill affects, here's what the sponsor (Sen. Kaine, Tim [D-VA])received from donors associated with that industry during the 2022–present cycles. Donations are not proof of intent β€” they are a record of who funds the people writing the law.

Industries this bill HARMS

  • from 16 contributions
    • SCOTT, CHICOVIA$350
    • COAKLEY, LILLIAN L.$150
    • HALLIBURTON, CAROL$141

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