Legacy Mine Cleanup Act of 2025

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Bill ID: 119/s/2741
Last Updated: September 7, 2026

Sponsored by

Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

ID: K000377

Follow the money

The bill

Legacy Mine Cleanup Act of 2025

S. 2741, 119th Congress — read as touching Pipelines & Energy Infrastructure.

The sponsor

Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$95,050 raised

24 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

95% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Environmental Protection Agency" section, p. 464-466 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Held at the desk.

November 19, 2025

Introduced

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

🏛️

Committee Review

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed Senate

🏛️

House Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another exercise in legislative theater, courtesy of the 119th Congress. Let's dissect this farce, shall we?

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The Legacy Mine Cleanup Act of 2025 is a masterclass in bureaucratic doublespeak. Ostensibly, it aims to establish an Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains within the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to coordinate cleanup actions at abandoned mine sites. But don't be fooled – this bill is a Trojan horse for special interests.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill creates a new office with a Director, who will oversee the coordination of cleanup actions, establish best practices, and disseminate innovative technologies (read: pork barrel projects). It also expands the definition of "covered mine site" to include federal, state, tribal, local, and private lands affected by past hardrock mining activities. Oh, and it throws in some token language about supporting small businesses and interagency coordination.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The usual suspects are involved: mining companies, environmental groups, Native American tribes, and various government agencies. But let's not forget the real stakeholders – the lobbyists and special interest groups who will benefit from this bill's vague language and loopholes.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill is a Band-Aid on a bullet wound. It won't address the root causes of environmental degradation or hold polluters accountable. Instead, it will create more bureaucratic red tape, provide cover for mining companies to continue their destructive practices, and funnel taxpayer dollars into pet projects.

In short, this bill is a symptom of a deeper disease: the corrupting influence of special interests on our legislative process. It's a cynical attempt to greenwash the reputation of polluters while maintaining the status quo. Don't be surprised when the "cleanup actions" amount to nothing more than PR stunts and photo ops.

Diagnosis: Terminal case of bureaucratic sclerosis, with symptoms including:

* Excessive use of buzzwords ("innovative technologies," "best practices") * Vague language and loopholes * Token gestures towards small businesses and environmental groups * Obvious attempts to benefit special interests

Prognosis: This bill will likely pass, but its impact will be negligible. The real winners will be the lobbyists and politicians who pushed it through, while the environment and taxpayers continue to suffer.

Related Topics

Public Lands & Natural ResourcesWater & Air Quality RegulationsEnergy Production & Conservation
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$95,050
16 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$7,800
Committees
$0
Individuals
$87,250

No PAC contributions found

1
PASCUA YAQUI TRIBE
1 transaction
$3,300
2
THE CHICKASAW NATION
1 transaction
$2,500
3
GILA RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY
1 transaction
$1,000
4
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
1 transaction
$1,000

No committee contributions found

1
LEWIS, PAUL
4 transactions
$18,400
2
LARSEN, DINAH
3 transactions
$11,900
3
MILLER, JUDITH
2 transactions
$10,000
4
WEAVER, DELORES B
2 transactions
$10,000
5
BASS, JOSEPH P
2 transactions
$8,400
6
CORMIER, STEPHEN
1 transaction
$6,000
7
PEROT, MARGOT B
1 transaction
$5,000
8
GALLOWAY, RICHARD
1 transaction
$4,200
9
CROSS, STUART
1 transaction
$3,450
10
BALLMER, CONNIE E
1 transaction
$3,300
11
HOROWITZ, BEN
1 transaction
$3,300
12
CONRAD, JOHN
1 transaction
$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 1 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Sen. Lummis, Cynthia M. [R-WY]

ID: L000571

Top Contributors

20

1
HEGYI, ALBERT P
1ST FINANCIAL BANK USA • BANKER
IndividualNEW YORK, NY
$6,600
Dec 6, 2023
2
MANDELBLATT, DANIELLE
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualASPEN, CO
$6,600
Sep 26, 2024
3
MANDELBLATT, ERIC
SOROBAN CAPITAL PARTNERS LP • MANAGING PARTNER
IndividualASPEN, CO
$6,600
Sep 26, 2024
4
SAMANI, PYAHM
IndividualAUSTIN, TX
$5,800
Aug 8, 2023
5
CASCARILLA, MARISSA
NA • HOMEMAKER
IndividualMIAMI, FL
$3,700
Apr 1, 2024
6
CASCARILLA, CHARLES
PAXOS • CEO
IndividualMIAMI, FL
$3,700
Apr 1, 2024
7
DOWNS, RAISSA
TARPLIN, DOWNS AND YOUNG, LLC • CONSULTANT
IndividualWASHINGTON, DC
$3,600
Dec 12, 2024
8
SCARAMUCCI, ANTHONY
SKYBRIDGE • MANAGING PARTNER
IndividualPLANDOME, NY
$3,435
Jul 30, 2024
9
HOBART, ROBERT
VENTURE GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES • CONSULTANT
IndividualNASHVILLE, TN
$3,435
Aug 5, 2024
10
HOLDING, KATHLEEN MS.
SUNLIGHT RANCH CO. • EXECUTIVE
IndividualDAYTON, WY
$3,300
Dec 6, 2023

Donor Network - Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

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Showing 50 nodes and 65 connections

Total contributions: $65

Top Donors - Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ]

Showing top 16 donors by contribution amount

4 Orgs12 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 2 harmed.

  • The bill's focus on cleanup actions at covered mine sites may lead to increased costs and regulatory burdens for companies involved in energy infrastructure, such as those operating pipelines and storage facilities near affected areas (Section 2(c))

  • −Oil & Gasconfidence 0.60

    While not directly targeted, the bill's emphasis on environmental cleanup and regulation may have indirect effects on the oil and gas industry, particularly if companies are found to be potentially responsible parties for contamination at covered mine sites (Section 2(d)(1))

Who funds the sponsor on these industries

For each industry this bill affects, here's what the sponsor (Sen. Kelly, Mark [D-AZ])received from donors associated with that industry during the 2022–present cycles. Donations are not proof of intent — they are a record of who funds the people writing the law.

Industries this bill HARMS

  • Oil & Gas$1,212
    from 48 contributions
    • RAMACHANDRAN, SUNDER$560
    • OLSON, STACEY$350
    • GROSSO, STEPHEN$162
    • MELANSON, CHRISTIANNE$80
    • BRUNS, JOEY$60

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Environmental Protection Agency

Very Strong
Vector: 66%
Pages: 464-466AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill directly implements the Project 2025 policy objective to expand and fully stand up the Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains within the EPA to support innovative approaches to cleaning up abandoned mines, including establishing the office, defining its scope, and coordinating cleanup efforts."

Key themes:Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plainsabandoned mine cleanupEPA reorganizationinteragency coordinationvoluntary cleanup actions

— 432 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Expand and fully stand up the Office of Mountains, Deserts and Plains to support innovative approaches to the cleaning up of abandoned mines. l Develop and execute a 10-year cleanup plan to address lead at all existing cleanup sites that includes benchmarks and milestones that allow for congressional and public oversight of the schedule. RCRA. To streamline waste management, the following changes are needed in the Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery (ORCR): l Create an RCRA post-closure care permit that is tailored only to post- closure obligations. l Modify regulations that impede resource efficiency, recycling, and reuse by providing clearly that these materials are not waste. This can be done by promulgating a rule that provides an alternative pathway to hazardous waste regulation to allow the transport of material to legitimate recyclers or back to manufacturers to support the recycling and reuse of material. l Change the electronic manifest (e-manifest) regulations to a 100 percent electronic system and eliminate all paper manifests and manual filing and data input. This system should operate from a range of common handheld devices and could be expanded to accommodate solid waste and materials for reuse and recycling. l Reassign regulation and enforcement of air emission standards under the authority of RCRA Section 300437 to OAR and revise and modernize the regulations to comport and integrate with CAA rules. Risk Management Program. If a new Risk Management Program (RMP) rule is finalized by the Biden Administration, it should be revised to reflect the amend- ments finalized in 2019 to protect sensitive information. Personnel The following organizational changes could create resource efficiencies to focus on the highest-value opportunities: l Eliminate or consolidate the regional laboratories and allow OLEM to use EPA, other government, or private labs based on expertise and cost. — 433 — Environmental Protection Agency l Consolidate non-core functions (communications, economists, congressional relations, etc.) into one OLEM suboffice to allow the subject- matter offices to focus on the execution of field work. l Eliminate the Office of Emergency Management and reassign its functions. 1. Move the emergency management function (currently OEM) into Homeland Security under the Administrator’s office. 2. Incorporate removal authority (currently OEM) into OSRTI. 3. Retain the oversight and enforcement of the RMP program within OLEM. 4. Drop “Emergency Management” from OLEM’s name. Budget While the overall goal is certainly to reduce government scope and spending, OLEM’s programs present the best opportunity to use taxpayer dollars to execute EPA’s core mission of cleaning up contamination. OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION (OCSPP) OCSPP primarily oversees the regulation of new and existing chemicals under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)38 and the regulation of pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)39 and Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).40 These activities are managed in two separate offices within OCSPP: the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT, chemicals) and Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP, pesticides). OCSPP is constantly pressured to ban the use of certain chemicals, typically based on fear as a result of mischaracterized or incomplete science. Needed Reforms and New Policy in OPPT (Chemicals) l Ensure that decision-making is risk-based rather than defaulting to precautionary, hazard-based approaches like the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). l Focus the scope of chemical evaluations on pathways of exposure that are not covered by other program offices and other environmental statutes, and eliminate scope creep to ensure that evaluations can be completed in a timely manner consistent with the statutory requirements.

Environmental Protection Agency

Strong
Vector: 65%
Pages: 464-466AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill directly supports the Project 2025 objective to expand and fully stand up the Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plains to support innovative approaches to cleaning up abandoned mines, aligning closely in both structure and purpose."

Key themes:Office of Mountains, Deserts, and Plainsabandoned mine cleanupEPA reorganizationinteragency coordinationvoluntary cleanup incentives

— 431 — Environmental Protection Agency can result in more work on the ground in communities where Americans live and work. OLEM can accomplish this goal by determining the scope of work based on an actual reduction in exposure to chemicals as opposed to the elimination of the- oretical potential exposures. To manage cleanups more effectively, OLEM should: l Require training in project management for project managers (as opposed to all staff having a general science background). l Adopt EPA’s Lean Management System (ELMS) across all OLEM programs. l Delegate all CERCLA authority from the Administrator to the OLEM Assistant Administrator as opposed to a direct delegation to the Regional Administrators. l Find opportunities to transfer work and funding to states and tribes. New Policies Superfund. To execute more efficient and effective cleanups, the following changes are needed in the Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Inno- vation (OSRTI): l Revise the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) to modernize and streamline the cleanup process using lessons learned from the execution of the NCP over the past 40-plus years. l Increase the use of CERCLA removal authority to execute short-term cleanups, which will provide clarity and finality for potentially responsible parties (PRPs) and return cleaned up land to communities more swiftly. l Streamline the process for determining Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements based on commonalities across sites as opposed to making such determinations on a site-by-site basis. l Revise groundwater cleanup regulations and policies to reflect the challenges of omnipresent contaminants like PFAS. l Revisit the designation of PFAS chemicals as “hazardous substances” under CERCLA. l Allow PRPs to perform the statutorily required five-year reviews of Superfund cleanups to free OLEM resources. — 432 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Expand and fully stand up the Office of Mountains, Deserts and Plains to support innovative approaches to the cleaning up of abandoned mines. l Develop and execute a 10-year cleanup plan to address lead at all existing cleanup sites that includes benchmarks and milestones that allow for congressional and public oversight of the schedule. RCRA. To streamline waste management, the following changes are needed in the Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery (ORCR): l Create an RCRA post-closure care permit that is tailored only to post- closure obligations. l Modify regulations that impede resource efficiency, recycling, and reuse by providing clearly that these materials are not waste. This can be done by promulgating a rule that provides an alternative pathway to hazardous waste regulation to allow the transport of material to legitimate recyclers or back to manufacturers to support the recycling and reuse of material. l Change the electronic manifest (e-manifest) regulations to a 100 percent electronic system and eliminate all paper manifests and manual filing and data input. This system should operate from a range of common handheld devices and could be expanded to accommodate solid waste and materials for reuse and recycling. l Reassign regulation and enforcement of air emission standards under the authority of RCRA Section 300437 to OAR and revise and modernize the regulations to comport and integrate with CAA rules. Risk Management Program. If a new Risk Management Program (RMP) rule is finalized by the Biden Administration, it should be revised to reflect the amend- ments finalized in 2019 to protect sensitive information. Personnel The following organizational changes could create resource efficiencies to focus on the highest-value opportunities: l Eliminate or consolidate the regional laboratories and allow OLEM to use EPA, other government, or private labs based on expertise and cost.

Environmental Protection Agency

Moderate
Vector: 65%
Pages: 473-475AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill aligns with Project 2025's emphasis on strengthening tribal environmental programs and elevating the American Indian Office by including provisions for Navajo Nation uranium mine cleanup and defining Indian country, though it does not directly advocate for restructuring AIO as a stand-alone assistant administrator office."

Key themes:tribal environmental protectionIndian countrymine site cleanupEPA coordinationNavajo Nation

— 440 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Repeal Inflation Reduction Act programs providing grants for environmental science activities. AMERICAN INDIAN OFFICE (AIO) AIO is a vital EPA function. It is mandated to carry out a 1992 act of Congress that administers the Indian Environmental General Assistance Program.51 Because of the sovereign-to-sovereign relationship between the U.S. government and fed- erally recognized sovereign Indian nations, this act’s purpose is to assist tribes in developing the capacity to manage their own tribal environmental protection programs and set them up to implement programs for the management of solid and hazardous waste. This office also is the chief office under which the EPA’s 1984 Indian Policy functions. Needed Reforms AIO should be significantly elevated as a stand-alone EPA Assistant Admin- istrator office. This would send a clear message to American Indians and Alaska Native Villages that the agency takes seriously the environmental issues plaguing Indian Country. While designated a “headquarters” office with direct reporting to the Administrator, its location should be in the American West, closer to most tribal nations. This could include Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Texas; or Denver, Colorado. The state of Oklahoma is considered the tribal center of Amer- ica and is home to 39 federally recognized tribes, including the “Five Civilized Tribes.” The other two options are also close to numerous tribes and home to EPA regional offices. New Policies All EPA tribal grants and tribal matters should be run from this office as a one- stop-shop for all tribal affairs. Budget and Personnel AIO should be led by a politically appointed, Senate-confirmed Assistant Admin- istrator, ideally one with strong ties to a federally recognized tribe. He or she should have political deputies and staff to assist the political leadership in carrying out agency policies. Career EPA tribal staff are located throughout the nation in all regional offices but are paid mostly under the budget of the current Office of International and Tribal Affairs, which will be significantly restructured as international functions are reabsorbed into the appropriate media offices (for example, Air, Water, and Land and Emergency Management). Because of this, tribal staff should be fully under the authority of the new American Indian Office and its Assistant Admin- istrator, not the regional offices. — 441 — Environmental Protection Agency OFFICE OF GENERAL COUNSEL (OGC) OGC serves as the chief legal adviser to EPA’s policymaking officials. It also pro- vides legal support to regional actions and enforcement and compliance litigation. OGC lawyers represent the agency in court alongside the Department of Justice, typically defending agency actions. Needed Reforms and New Policies l Review EPA’s Environmental Justice and Title VI authority. Wherever possible, the Biden Administration is broadening EPA’s use and interpretation of Environmental Justice (EJ)52 and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 196453 beyond long-standing understandings of the legal limits of that authority. As a threshold matter, there is an opportunity to redefine EJ as a tool for the agency to prioritize environmental protection efforts and assistance to communities in proximity to pollution or with the greatest need for additional protection. Allocations of agency resources, increased EPA enforcement, and/or agency distribution of grants should be based on neutral constitutional principles. In 2023, the Supreme Court is expected to provide guidance on the constitutionality of race-based discrimination as it considers Students for Fair Admissions v. University of North Carolina.54 Accordingly, the next Administration should pause and review all ongoing EJ and Title VI actions to ensure that they are consistent with any forthcoming SCOTUS decision. l Establish a policy of legally speaking with one voice. Some EPA offices (for example, the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance and the Offices of Regional Counsel) assert legal positions and interpretations of the law that conflict with an Administration’s interpretation as articulated by OGC with input from program offices. It is unacceptable for the agency to have inconsistent legal positions, particularly with respect to key interpretative issues. All attorneys with authority to represent EPA—not necessarily all attorneys—should therefore be housed in OGC. These offices include: 1. The Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA). OECA was established during the Clinton Administration. Enforcement attorneys tend to take legal positions to win cases or obtain settlements that may be inconsistent with those of OGC and program offices. OECA attorneys should be moved into OGC. Additionally, non-attorney program staff in OECA could be moved into their relevant program offices (for example, the Clean Air Act Enforcement Advisor could

Showing 3 of 5 policy matches

About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

Full Policy Text

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