FAIR Act

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Bill ID: 119/hr/493
Last Updated: February 23, 2026

Sponsored by

Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]

ID: C001078

Follow the money

The bill

FAIR Act

HR. 493, 119th Congress — read as touching Labor Unions.

The sponsor

Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$69,150 raised

22 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

55% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Central Personnel Agencies: Managing the Bureaucracy" section, p. 109-111 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

ASSUMING FIRST SPONSORSHIP - Mr. Walkinshaw asked unanimous consent that he may hereafter be considered as the first sponsor of H.R. 493, a bill originally introduced by Representative Connolly, for the purpose of adding cosponsors and requesting reprintings pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII. Agreed to without objection.

September 15, 2025

Introduced

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

🏛️

Committee Review

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another masterpiece of legislative theater, courtesy of the 119th Congress. The FAIR Act, or "Federal Adjustment of Income Rates Act," because who doesn't love a good acronym? This bill is a shining example of how politicians can take a simple concept – giving federal employees a raise – and turn it into a bloated, self-serving exercise in bureaucratic doublespeak.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The main purpose of this bill is to give federal employees a 4.3% pay increase, but don't be fooled – that's just the symptom. The real objective is to buy votes, curry favor with public sector unions, and create a feel-good narrative for the upcoming election cycle.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill increases the rates of pay under statutory pay systems by 3.3% (not 4.3%, but who's counting?) and prevailing rate employees by 3.3%. It also adjusts locality pay by a whopping 1%. Wow, I can barely contain my excitement.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** Federal employees will receive a modest raise, which is nice, I suppose. But let's be real – this bill is primarily designed to benefit the politicians sponsoring it, who will now have a shiny new talking point for their re-election campaigns. Public sector unions will also get a boost in membership and influence.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** The impact of this bill will be negligible on the federal budget, but significant in terms of optics. It's a classic case of "throwing money at a problem" to create the illusion of progress. Meanwhile, the real issues plaguing our government – inefficiency, waste, and corruption – remain unaddressed.

Diagnosis: This bill is suffering from a severe case of " Politician-itis," a disease characterized by an excessive desire for self-promotion, a lack of genuine concern for constituents, and a tendency to prioritize short-term gains over long-term solutions. Treatment involves a healthy dose of skepticism, a strong stomach for bureaucratic nonsense, and a willingness to call out the obvious lies and half-truths peddled by our esteemed lawmakers.

In conclusion, the FAIR Act is a masterclass in legislative flimflam, designed to distract from the real problems facing our government while providing a fleeting sense of accomplishment for its sponsors. Bravo, Congress – you've managed to create another bill that's more spin than substance.

Related Topics

State & Local Government AffairsFederal Budget & AppropriationsLabor & Employment Policy
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$69,150
18 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$2,900
Committees
$0
Individuals
$66,000

No PAC contributions found

1
HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP
1 transaction
$2,900

No committee contributions found

1
PUNARO, ARNOLD
2 transactions
$6,600
2
PUNARO, JULIA
2 transactions
$6,600
3
HALE, KAREN
2 transactions
$6,600
4
PHILLIPS, STERLING
2 transactions
$6,600
5
HERSHMAN, MICHAEL J.
1 transaction
$3,300
6
TRONE, DAVID
1 transaction
$3,300
7
MISENER, PAUL E
1 transaction
$3,300
8
RABAUT, TOM W
1 transaction
$3,300
9
WALKER, KENT
1 transaction
$3,300
10
CARLSON, TERESA
1 transaction
$3,300
11
GURU, RAM
1 transaction
$3,300
12
HALL SR, DON
1 transaction
$3,300
13
HALL, DAVID
1 transaction
$3,300
14
ABOD, CARAH
1 transaction
$3,300
15
ABOD, KIM
1 transaction
$3,300
16
BERBERIAN, ANNETTE
1 transaction
$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC]

ID: N000147

Top Contributors

0

No contribution data available

Rep. Lee, Summer L. [D-PA-12]

ID: L000602

Top Contributors

10

1
FRIENDS OF SARA INNAMORATO
OrganizationPITTSBURGH, PA
$3,300
Mar 19, 2024
2
FRIENDS OF SARA INNAMORATO
OrganizationPITTSBURGH, PA
$2,300
Mar 19, 2024
3
JORDAN, WAYNE
JREI • SELF-EMPLOYED
IndividualOAKLAND, CA
$6,600
Jan 26, 2024
4
TROTTER, ANDREW
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualREDWOOD CITY, CA
$3,600
Mar 21, 2024
5
COOK ZUHLKE, RONNIE
N/A • RETIRED
IndividualPITTSBURGH, PA
$3,420
Mar 27, 2024
6
KALIYUR, SATHVIK
NWF STRATEGIES • CONSULTANT
IndividualSARATOGA, CA
$3,300
Dec 26, 2024
7
ABDALLAH, HANI
EVERGREEN • PHARMACIST
IndividualHOMER GLEN, IL
$3,300
Dec 30, 2023
8
AKHRAS, RAMI
RAMI AKHRAS • SELF-EMPLOYED
IndividualCHICAGO, IL
$3,300
Nov 16, 2023
9
ALI, NADIA
MPI • BUSINESSWOMAN
IndividualORLAND PARK, IL
$3,300
Dec 30, 2023
10
ALI, NADIR
INPIXON • CEO
IndividualPALO ALTO, CA
$3,300
Dec 9, 2023

Rep. Subramanyam, Suhas [D-VA-10]

ID: S001230

Top Contributors

10

1
FRIENDS OF RUSSET PERRY
OrganizationLEESBURG, VA
$1,000
May 16, 2024
2
GRO MORE DULANY BUILDERS
OrganizationMCLEAN, VA
$1,000
Sep 19, 2024
3
ELECT ATOOSA REASER
OrganizationSTERLING, VA
$250
Sep 30, 2024
4
IRUDHAYANATHAN, ANTHONY
ZILLION • IT
IndividualASHBURN, VA
$6,600
Jun 12, 2024
5
JACOBS, IRWIN M
IndividualLA JOLLA, CA
$3,300
Dec 31, 2024
6
ACHARYA, SANKET
7-ELEVEN • BUSINES OWNER
IndividualNEWPORT NEWS, VA
$3,300
Nov 19, 2023
7
ALDANA, AIME
DLA PIPER • OF COUNSEL
IndividualBURBANK, CA
$3,300
Nov 14, 2023
8
ALI, TAJAMMAL
TAJAMMAL ALI • SELF EMPLOYED
IndividualLEESBURG, VA
$3,300
Dec 11, 2023
9
BHUTADA, RISHI
STAR PIPE PRODUCTS • SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT
IndividualSUGAR LAND, TX
$3,300
Dec 8, 2023
10
CHALLA, JAYANTH
NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualVIENNA, VA
$3,300
Nov 16, 2023

Rep. Lynch, Stephen F. [D-MA-8]

ID: L000562

Top Contributors

10

1
CRONIN, JON P.
CRONIN DEVELOPMENT • PRINCIPAL
IndividualBOSTON, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023
2
CRONIN, NICOLE M.
NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualBOSTON, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023
3
KENNEDY, LEE M. JR.
LEE KENNEDY CO. INC • SELF EMPLOYED
IndividualDUXBURY, MA
$3,300
Oct 25, 2023
4
KEOHANE, KIARA L.
SELF • HOMEMAKER
IndividualWAKEFIELD, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023
5
KEOHANE, PATRICK J.
SELF • PROPERTY MANAGER
IndividualWAKEFIELD, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023
6
KINEAVY, MICHAEL J.
THE CRONIN GROUP • COO
IndividualBOSTON, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023
7
MORIARTY, JOHN J III
JOHN MORIARTY & ASSOCIATES INC • CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
IndividualCONCORD, MA
$3,300
Dec 4, 2023
8
MORIARTY, JOHN J.
JOHN MORIARTY & ASSOCIATES • BUILDER
IndividualWINCHESTER, MA
$3,300
Dec 4, 2023
9
MORIARTY, JOHN J.
JOHN MORIARTY & ASSOCIATES • BUILDER
IndividualWINCHESTER, MA
$3,300
Dec 4, 2023
10
MURPHY, DENIS
REBEL RESTAURANT • SELF
IndividualBOSTON, MA
$3,300
Nov 27, 2023

Rep. Beyer, Donald S. [D-VA-8]

ID: B001292

Top Contributors

10

1
TUNICA-BILOXI TRIBE OF LA
OrganizationMARKSVILLE, LA
$3,300
Nov 10, 2023
2
TUNICA-BILOXI TRIBE OF LA
OrganizationMARKSVILLE, LA
$1,700
Nov 10, 2023
3
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Mar 26, 2024
4
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Jun 7, 2023
5
CAFRITZ, JANE
CALVIN CAFRITZ ENTERPRISES • MANAGER
IndividualWASHINGTON, DC
$3,300
Oct 2, 2024
6
HIRST, THOMSON M
N/A • RETIRED
IndividualALEXANDRIA, VA
$3,300
Oct 11, 2024
7
MURTAGH, PAUL
PRECISION X-RAY INC. • BUSINESS OWNER
IndividualALEXANDRIA, VA
$3,300
Oct 5, 2024
8
TOMPKINS, GRAVES
GENERAL ATLANTIC • FINANCE
IndividualBROOKLYN HGTS, NY
$3,300
Sep 29, 2024
9
MALLOY, GEOFFREY
MALLOY AUTO GROUP • PRESIDENT
IndividualMCLEAN, VA
$3,300
Jul 10, 2024
10
ARNOLD, LAURA
ARNOLD VENTURES • CO-FOUNDER
IndividualHOUSTON, TX
$3,300
Aug 16, 2024

Rep. Mfume, Kweisi [D-MD-7]

ID: M000687

Top Contributors

10

1
TABORN, TYRONE D.
IndividualREISTERSTOWN, MD
$5,000
Jul 31, 2024
2
BRONFEIN, MICHAEL
CURIO WELLNESS • CEO
IndividualOWINGS MILLS, MD
$3,300
Oct 17, 2024
3
SEIBEL, MICHAEL
Y COMBINATOR • INVESTOR
IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA
$3,300
Oct 17, 2024
4
JOHNSON, ROBERT
THE RLJ COMPANIES • EXECUTIVE
IndividualBETHESDA, MD
$3,300
Oct 22, 2024
5
JOSEPH, MARK K.
N/A • RETIRED
IndividualBALTIMORE, MD
$3,300
Oct 22, 2024
6
JOHNSON, ROBERT
THE RLJ COMPANIES • EXECUTIVE
IndividualBETHESDA, MD
$3,300
Nov 9, 2023
7
TABORN, TYRONE D.
CAREER COMMUNICATIONS GROUP • METAVERSE CREATOR
IndividualREISTERSTOWN, MD
$3,300
Oct 31, 2023
8
FISCHER, SOLOMON
FISCHER ROOFING • ROOFER
IndividualLAKEWOOD, NJ
$3,000
Oct 7, 2024
9
TABORN, TYRONE D.
CAREER COMMUNICATIONS GROUP • METAVERSE CREATOR
IndividualREISTERSTOWN, MD
$3,000
Jul 27, 2024
10
BEREANO, BRUCE C.
SELF-EMPLOYED • GOVERNMENT RELATIONS CONSULTANT
IndividualANNAPOLIS, MD
$2,500
Oct 23, 2024

Rep. DelBene, Suzan K. [D-WA-1]

ID: D000617

Top Contributors

10

1
JAMESTOWN S'KLALLAM TRIBE
OrganizationSEQUIM, WA
$6,600
Mar 31, 2023
2
LUMMI INDIAN NATION
OrganizationBELLINGHAM, WA
$5,000
Jul 17, 2024
3
PUYALLUP TRIBE OF INDIANS
OrganizationTACOMA, WA
$3,700
Jun 28, 2024
4
SNOQUALMIE TRIBE
OrganizationSNOQUALMIE, WA
$3,300
Nov 2, 2023
5
JAMESTOWN S'KLALLAM TRIBE
OrganizationSEQUIM, WA
$3,300
Mar 31, 2023
6
MUCKLESHOOT INDIAN TRIBE
OrganizationAUBURN, WA
$3,300
Jun 1, 2023
7
THE TULALIP TRIBES OF WASHINGTON
OrganizationTULALIP, WA
$3,300
Jun 30, 2023
8
PUYALLUP TRIBE OF INDIANS
OrganizationTACOMA, WA
$3,300
Jun 28, 2024
9
THE TULALIP TRIBES OF WASHINGTON
OrganizationTULALIP, WA
$3,300
Jun 20, 2024
10
MUCKLESHOOT INDIAN TRIBE
OrganizationAUBURN, WA
$3,300
Aug 13, 2024

Rep. Brownley, Julia [D-CA-26]

ID: B001285

Top Contributors

10

1
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
OrganizationROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Mar 5, 2024
2
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
OrganizationROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Mar 5, 2024
3
BARONA BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationLAKESIDE, CA
$2,000
Jun 28, 2024
4
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$1,000
Feb 23, 2024
5
PRISELAC, TOM M.
CEDAR SINAI HEALTH SYSTEMS • EXECUTIVE
IndividualSANTA MONICA, CA
$3,300
Oct 31, 2024
6
BUCHMAN, MICHELLE J.
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualCARBONDALE, CO
$3,300
Nov 18, 2023
7
CONROY, ROBERTA
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualSANTA MONICA, CA
$3,300
Dec 1, 2023
8
SAVAGE, KEVIN
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualBEVERLY HILLS, CA
$3,300
Dec 31, 2023
9
STEVENS, SETH R.
SOUTHERN CA PERMANENTE GROUP • DERMATOLOGIST
IndividualNEWBURY PARK, CA
$3,300
Oct 28, 2023
10
UNTERMAN, JANET M.
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualPACIFIC PALISADES, CA
$3,300
Dec 8, 2023

Rep. Scanlon, Mary Gay [D-PA-5]

ID: S001205

Top Contributors

10

1
CHEROKEE NATION
OrganizationTAHLEQUAH, OK
$2,500
Jun 13, 2024
2
ANDERSON, KAI
CASSIDY & ASSOCIATES • CEO
IndividualWASHINGTON, DC
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
3
ANDERSON, KARENA
SELF • GRAPHIC DESIGNER
IndividualWASHINGTON, DC
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
4
BADEY, GEORGE
BADEY SLOAN & DIGENOVA P.C. • LAWYER
IndividualPHILADELPHIA, PA
$3,300
Sep 9, 2024
5
BONFIGLIO, ANDREW
EMZINGO • FACILITATION/TRAINING
IndividualSWARTHMORE, PA
$3,300
Sep 17, 2024
6
FUNK, PAUL
NOT EMPLOYED • RETIRED
IndividualCAMBRIDGE, MA
$3,300
Sep 17, 2024
7
HUNTER, CHRISTOPHER
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA • RESERACHER
IndividualSWARTHMORE, PA
$3,300
Sep 24, 2024
8
MCCLOSKEY, SEAN
PENN REAL ESTATE GROUP • REAL ESTATE
IndividualBALA CYNWYD, PA
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
9
MULRONEY, MOIRA
SUPPORT CENTER FOR CHILD ADVOCATES • FUNDRAISER
IndividualBRYN MAWR, PA
$3,300
Aug 28, 2024
10
SACHS, ROBERT
SHRAGER SACHS & BLANCO • ATTORNEY
IndividualSHOHOLA, PA
$3,300
Jul 19, 2024

Rep. Budzinski, Nikki [D-IL-13]

ID: B001315

Top Contributors

10

1
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Jun 13, 2023
2
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Apr 30, 2024
3
LABORERS LOCAL 397 PAC
OrganizationEDWARDSVILLE, IL
$500
Jul 22, 2024
4
PLUMBERS & PIPEFITTERS LOCAL 553
OrganizationEAST ALTON, IL
$500
Jul 26, 2024
5
LABORERS LOCAL 397 PAC
OrganizationEDWARDSVILLE, IL
$500
Oct 8, 2024
6
PLUMBERS & PIPEFITTERS LOCAL 553
OrganizationEAST ALTON, IL
$500
Oct 8, 2024
7
FISHER, CYNTHIA
PATIENTRIGHTSADVOCATE.ORG • CHAIRMAN
IndividualPALM BEACH, FL
$3,300
Oct 22, 2024
8
MURPHY, JAMES
INVENERGY LLC • PRESIDENT
IndividualBARRINGTON, IL
$3,300
Oct 20, 2024
9
NELSON, REED C.
NELSON AND NELSON • ATTORNEY
IndividualCOLLINSVILLE, IL
$3,300
Oct 9, 2024
10
NI, PIN
WANXIANG AMERICA CORPORATION • PRESIDENT
IndividualSOUTH BARRINGTON, IL
$3,300
Oct 21, 2024

Donor Network - Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Loading...

Showing 52 nodes and 34 connections (41 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $100,150

Top Donors - Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]

Showing top 18 donors by contribution amount

1 Org1 Committee16 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 helped.

  • +Labor Unionsconfidence 0.80

    Section 2 provides a 3.3% increase in rates of pay under statutory pay systems and for prevailing rate employees, which benefits labor unions representing federal employees.

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Central Personnel Agencies: Managing the Bureaucracy

Weak
Vector: 62%
Pages: 109-111AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"Both the FAIR Act and the Project 2025 section address federal employee compensation, but the Act proposes a pay increase while Project 2025 argues federal pay is excessive and calls for rationalizing or reducing benefits, resulting in only tangential, opposing alignment."

Key themes:federal employee compensationpay adjustmentscivil service benefits

— 76 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise to delay. With the proper limitation of labor union actions, the FLRA should have limited reason for appeals. The EEOC’s federal employee section should be transferred to the MSPB, and many of the OCS’s investigatory functions should be returned to the OPM. The MSPB could then become the main reviewer of adverse actions, greatly simplifying the burdensome appeal process. Making Civil Service Benefits Economically and Administratively Ratio- nal. In recent years, the combined wages and benefits of the executive branch civilian workforce totaled $300 billion according to official data. But even that amount does not properly account for billions in unfunded liability for retirement and other government reporting distortions. Official data also report employment as approximately 2 million, but this ignores approximately 20 million contractors who, while not eligible for government pay and benefits, do receive them indirectly through contracting (even if they are less generous). Official data also claim that national government employees are paid less than private-sector employees are paid for similar work, but several more neutral sources demonstrate that pub- lic-sector workers make more on average than their private-sector counterparts. All of this extravagance deserves close scrutiny. Market-Based Pay and Benefits. According to current law, federal workers are to be paid wages comparable to equivalent private-sector workers rather than compared to all private-sector employees. While the official studies claim that federal employees are underpaid relative to the private sector by 20 percent or more, a 2016 Heritage Foundation study found that federal employees received wages that were 22 percent higher than wages for similar private-sector workers; if the value of employee benefits was included, the total compensation premium for federal employees over their private-sector equivalents increased to between 30 percent and 40 percent.18 The American Enterprise Institute found a 14 percent pay premium and a 61 percent total compensation premium.19 Base salary is only one component of a federal employee’s total compensation. In addition to high starting wages, federal employees normally receive an annual cost-of-living adjustment (available to all employees) and generous scheduled raises known as step increases. Moreover, a large proportion of federal employ- ees are stationed in the Washington, D.C., area and other large cities and are entitled to steep locality pay enhancement to account for the high cost of living in these areas. A federal employee with five years’ experience receives 20 vacation days, 13 paid sick days, and all 10 federal holidays compared to an employee at a large private company who receives 13 days of vacation and eight paid sick days. Federal health benefits are more comparable to those provided by Fortune 500 employers with the government paying 72 percent of the weighted average premiums, but this is much higher than for most private plans. Almost half of private firms do not offer any employer contributions at all.

Central Personnel Agencies: Managing the Bureaucracy

Weak
Vector: 61%
Pages: 109-111AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The FAIR Act raises federal employee pay, while Project 2025 advocates for reducing perceived overcompensation and moving toward market-based pay and benefit reforms; thus the bill only tangentially relates to the policy theme without supporting its objectives."

Key themes:federal paycompensation adjustmentcivil service benefitsmarket-based pay

— 76 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise to delay. With the proper limitation of labor union actions, the FLRA should have limited reason for appeals. The EEOC’s federal employee section should be transferred to the MSPB, and many of the OCS’s investigatory functions should be returned to the OPM. The MSPB could then become the main reviewer of adverse actions, greatly simplifying the burdensome appeal process. Making Civil Service Benefits Economically and Administratively Ratio- nal. In recent years, the combined wages and benefits of the executive branch civilian workforce totaled $300 billion according to official data. But even that amount does not properly account for billions in unfunded liability for retirement and other government reporting distortions. Official data also report employment as approximately 2 million, but this ignores approximately 20 million contractors who, while not eligible for government pay and benefits, do receive them indirectly through contracting (even if they are less generous). Official data also claim that national government employees are paid less than private-sector employees are paid for similar work, but several more neutral sources demonstrate that pub- lic-sector workers make more on average than their private-sector counterparts. All of this extravagance deserves close scrutiny. Market-Based Pay and Benefits. According to current law, federal workers are to be paid wages comparable to equivalent private-sector workers rather than compared to all private-sector employees. While the official studies claim that federal employees are underpaid relative to the private sector by 20 percent or more, a 2016 Heritage Foundation study found that federal employees received wages that were 22 percent higher than wages for similar private-sector workers; if the value of employee benefits was included, the total compensation premium for federal employees over their private-sector equivalents increased to between 30 percent and 40 percent.18 The American Enterprise Institute found a 14 percent pay premium and a 61 percent total compensation premium.19 Base salary is only one component of a federal employee’s total compensation. In addition to high starting wages, federal employees normally receive an annual cost-of-living adjustment (available to all employees) and generous scheduled raises known as step increases. Moreover, a large proportion of federal employ- ees are stationed in the Washington, D.C., area and other large cities and are entitled to steep locality pay enhancement to account for the high cost of living in these areas. A federal employee with five years’ experience receives 20 vacation days, 13 paid sick days, and all 10 federal holidays compared to an employee at a large private company who receives 13 days of vacation and eight paid sick days. Federal health benefits are more comparable to those provided by Fortune 500 employers with the government paying 72 percent of the weighted average premiums, but this is much higher than for most private plans. Almost half of private firms do not offer any employer contributions at all. — 77 — Central Personnel Agencies: Managing the Bureaucracy The obvious solution to these discrepancies is to move closer to a market model for federal pay and benefits. One need is for a neutral agency to oversee pay hiring decisions, especially for high-demand occupations. The OPM is independent of agency operations, so it can assess requirements more neutrally. For many years, with its Special Pay Rates program, the OPM evaluated claims that federal rates in an area were too low to attract competent employees and allowed agencies to offer higher pay when needed rather than increased rates for all. Ideally, the OPM should establish an initial pay schedule for every occupation and region, monitor turnover rates and applicant-to-position ratios, and adjust pay and recruitment on that basis. Most of this requires legislation, but the OPM should be an advocate for a true equality of benefits between the public and private sectors. Reforming Federal Retirement Benefits. Career civil servants enjoy retire- ment benefits that are nearly unheard of in the private sector. Federal employees retire earlier (normally at age 55 after 30 years), enjoy richer pension annuities, and receive automatic cost-of-living adjustments based on the areas in which they retire. Defined-benefit federal pensions are fully indexed for inflation—a practice that is extremely rare in the private sector. A federal employee with a preretire- ment income of $25,000 under the older of the two federal retirement plans will receive at least $200,000 more over a 20-year period than will private-sector work- ers with the same preretirement salary under historic inflation levels. During the early Reagan years, the OPM reformed many specific provisions of the federal pension program to save billions administratively. Under OPM pres- sure, Reagan and Congress ultimately ended the old Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) entirely for new employees, which (counting disbursements for the unfunded liability) accounted for 51.3 percent of the federal government's total payroll. The retirement system that replaced it—the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS)—reduced the cost of federal employee retirement dis- bursements to 28.5 percent of payroll (including contributions to Social Security and the employer match to the Thrift Savings Plan). More of the pension cost was shifted to the employee, but the new system was much more equitable for the 40 percent who received few or no benefits under the old system. By 1999, more than half of the federal workforce was covered by the new system, and the government’s per capita share of the cost (as the employer) was less than half the cost of the old system: 20.2 percent of FERS payroll vs. 44.3 percent of CSRS payroll, representing one of the largest examples of government savings anywhere. Although the government pension system has become more like private pension systems, it still remains much more generous, and other means might be considered in the future to move it even closer to private plans. GSA: Landlord and Contractor Management. The General Services Administration is best known as the federal government’s landlord—designing, constructing, managing, and preserving government buildings and leasing and

Department of Labor and Related Agencies

Weak
Vector: 61%
Pages: 630-632AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The FAIR Act focuses on increasing federal employee pay, whereas the Project 2025 DOL section emphasizes reforming workforce development programs, ensuring outcome-based metrics, and improving unemployment insurance integrity; the only connection is their shared concern with the federal workforce, making the alignment weak."

Key themes:federal workforcelabor policycompensation

— 597 — Department of Labor and Related Agencies Alternative View. While the federal government has a duty to promote economy and efficiency in federal hiring and contracting, and thus should base decisions on skills as opposed to degrees, it is not the federal government’s role to determine whether private employers may or may not include degree requirements in job descriptions and in their hiring decisions. The inappropriate reverence given to degree requirements is a byproduct of the federal government’s heavy subsidi- zation of BA degrees. Phasing down federal subsidies would be a better way to eliminate barriers to jobs for individuals without BA degrees. Federal Workforce Development Programs. Existing federally funded work- force development and training programs should be reassessed to ensure they are outcome-based and truly deliver value to taxpayers and job seekers. As of 2019, the federal government spent approximately $17 billion annually on 43 federal employment and training programs administered across nine federal agencies, many of which overlap with at least one other program. Many of these programs track only inputs or individuals served, not outcomes or outputs, and do not swiftly identify bad-actor grantees. The federal government should identify underperforming programs and eliminate or redirect that funding to programs with strong outcome-based metrics. l Evaluate and streamline workforce development programs, ensuring evidence-based outcomes. In its reauthorization of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA),14 Congress should evaluate and streamline the existing workforce development programs to ensure there is no overlap or fragmentation between programs. Congress should also ensure strong evidence-based outcomes for each program and tie federal funding for those programs to the outcomes achieved. l Review employment and training programs to ensure outcome- based metrics. DOL and other federal agencies with jurisdiction over employment and training programs should review their programs and utilize all available tools and authority to ensure these programs contain strong outcome-based metrics. To the extent that agencies have this authority, they should reevaluate funding for programs that do not meet those evidence-based and outcomes-based requirements. Finally, strong internal policies should be implemented to ensure bad-actor grantees are identified and sanctioned expeditiously. Federal Unemployment Insurance Program. In the post-pandemic land- scape, the federal government should restore the Unemployment Insurance (UI) program’s purpose with a particular focus on reestablishing program integrity and accountability. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act15 — 598 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise unemployment programs were defrauded of hundreds of billions of dollars, includ- ing by state-sponsored hacking groups. Not all state agencies are yet through their backlogs of appeals and fraud cases; the recovery of lost funds has been minimal; and fraud has now spilled into the traditional UI programs. The CARES Act era drastically altered the entire UI ecosystem: The federal–state partnership shifted toward federal programs and funding, and the social insurance purpose of the program was disconnected as benefits were extended, expanded to more typically uncovered populations, and made exponentially larger. l Congress should enact bipartisan commonsense UI program reforms, including statutory authority for the Labor Office of Inspector General (OIG) to access all state UI records for the purposes of investigation and requiring state agencies to crossmatch applicants with the National Directory of New Hires. l Congress should also develop a framework (through commission of a congressional report to serve as a blueprint) of technical standards on broader tech topics like usability, state agency cybersecurity postures, data taxonomy standardization, and/or identity verification standards. l Congress should provide DOL with more reasonable enforcement tools for the UI system. Currently, DOL can either send a strongly worded letter or revoke the entire Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA)16 tax credit, which would place an immediate 6 percent to 7 percent tax on all covered employers. l DOL should review all actual or planned procurements against the $2 billion (under the American Rescue Plan Act)17 for UI fraud detection, accessibility, and equity investments. These funds do not have appropriations timelines and have very minimal statutory descriptions of the intended purpose. DOL should also review and propose changes to improve state monitoring programs including developing evidence-based frameworks for evaluating the technical readiness and security postures of the state agencies; strengthen its relationship with the OIG and Government Accountability Office (GAO), and support continued development of fraud prosecution with DOJ, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the financial services community; ensure administrative and IT funding is outcome-based; and gather and publish best practices from state officials, industry partners, and other vendors who deliver UI services.

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About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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