To authorize the Bay Mills Indian Community of the State of Michigan to convey land and interests in land owned by the Tribe.

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Bill ID: 119/hr/412
Last Updated: July 17, 2026

Sponsored by

Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

ID: B001301

Follow the money

The bill

To authorize the Bay Mills Indian Community of the State of Michigan to convey land and interests in land owned by the Tribe.

HR. 412, 119th Congress — read as touching Real Estate.

The sponsor

Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$98,435 raised

26 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

85% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Department of the Interior" section, p. 569-571 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Subcommittee Hearings Held

February 4, 2025

Introduced

Committee Review

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill moves to the floor for full chamber debate and voting.

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another bill, another exercise in futility. Let's dissect this mess.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The main purpose of HR 412 is to grant the Bay Mills Indian Community of Michigan permission to convey land and interests in land owned by the Tribe. Wow, what a thrilling concept. I'm sure it took hours of intense deliberation to come up with this earth-shattering idea.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill allows the Tribe to transfer, lease, encumber, or otherwise convey its interest in real property without further authorization or approval from the United States government. Oh, but don't worry, there are caveats! The Tribe can only do this with land that's not held in trust by the US for their benefit. Because, you know, we wouldn't want to upset the delicate balance of bureaucratic red tape.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The Bay Mills Indian Community of Michigan (because they're the ones who actually care about this bill), the United States government (who will pretend to care but really just wants to maintain control), and various other stakeholders like lobbyists, special interest groups, and anyone else looking to make a quick buck off Native American land.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill is a classic case of "legislative theater." It's a feel-good measure designed to make politicians look like they're doing something for Native American communities while actually accomplishing nothing. The real impact will be on the Tribe's ability to manage its own affairs, which will likely be hindered by bureaucratic hoops and special interest groups looking to exploit them.

The diagnosis? This bill is suffering from a bad case of " Politician-itis": a disease characterized by an overwhelming desire for self-aggrandizement, a complete lack of understanding of the issue at hand, and a healthy dose of cynicism. The symptoms include meaningless legislation, empty promises, and a general disregard for the well-being of those affected.

Treatment? None needed. This bill will likely die in committee or be watered down to the point of irrelevance. But hey, it's all just part of the grand farce that is American politics.

Related Topics

State & Local Government AffairsPublic Lands & Natural Resources
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$98,435
21 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$19,100
Committees
$0
Individuals
$79,335

No PAC contributions found

1
POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS
2 transactions
$6,600
2
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND OF POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
1 transaction
$3,300
3
SAGINAW CHIPPEWA INDIAN TRIBE
1 transaction
$3,300
4
PECHANGA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS
1 transaction
$3,000
5
SAULT STE MARIE TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA INDIANS
1 transaction
$2,900

No committee contributions found

1
DRESNER, LINDA
2 transactions
$9,900
2
LEVY, EDWARD
2 transactions
$9,900
3
TAYLOR, MARGARETTA J. MS
2 transactions
$9,900
4
GREENBLATT, SCOTT
1 transaction
$6,600
5
COTTON, MICHAEL D. MR.
2 transactions
$6,600
6
ALI, RAO
1 transaction
$3,435
7
JAVED, MOHAMMAD S.
1 transaction
$3,300
8
DANIELS, GEORGE G. MR
1 transaction
$3,300
9
KELLY, JOHN J. MR.
1 transaction
$3,300
10
RITCHIE, STEPHEN
1 transaction
$3,300
11
GUIDRY, SHANE
1 transaction
$3,300
12
LUCKEY, PALMER
1 transaction
$3,300
13
COLEMAN, NEIL S
1 transaction
$3,300
14
DOLL, DAVID M. MR.
1 transaction
$3,300
15
CATZ, SAFRA
1 transaction
$3,300
16
DE VOS, BETSY
1 transaction
$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 1 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Tlaib, Rashida [D-MI-12]

ID: T000481

Top Contributors

10

1
ANH MANAGEMENT LLC
OrganizationPATERSON, NJ
$2,500
Jun 30, 2023
2
FALAH VENTURES LLC
OrganizationTAMPA, FL
$2,000
Mar 31, 2024
3
LAW OFFICE OF AFFAR BAKSH LLC
OrganizationJAMAICA, NY
$1,000
Mar 2, 2024
4
A. ARMUSANDNEEBOM CONSULTING LLC
OrganizationJACKSONVILLE, FL
$1,000
Mar 31, 2024
5
NADIM ISLAM EMERGENCY SERVICES, PLLC
OrganizationHOUSTON, TX
$1,000
Mar 31, 2024
6
KHALAF LLC
OrganizationTROY, MI
$1,000
Mar 31, 2024
7
MEHRIZI PROPERTIES LLC
OrganizationSACRAMENTO, CA
$500
Feb 4, 2024
8
MR AND MOSTAK LLC
OrganizationJAMAICA, NY
$500
Mar 31, 2024
9
MAHMOUD, ANNA F.
MAYO CLINIC • PHYSICIAN
IndividualPHOENIX, AZ
$13,200
Nov 17, 2023
10
MALAS, MOHANNAD
IndividualLAGUNA BEACH, CA
$9,300
Dec 31, 2023

Donor Network - Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

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Showing 57 nodes and 29 connections (57 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $103,935

Top Donors - Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

Showing top 21 donors by contribution amount

5 Orgs16 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 helped.

  • +Real Estateconfidence 0.80

    Section 1(a) allows the Bay Mills Indian Community to transfer, lease, encumber, or convey land without further authorization, which could increase flexibility for real estate development and transactions.

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Department of the Interior

Strong
Vector: 58%
Pages: 569-571AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 412 expands tribal authority over land conveyance, aligning with Project 2025's objective to restore tribal self-governance and reduce federal oversight of Indian lands to facilitate resource development and economic opportunity."

Key themes:tribal sovereigntyland management autonomyeconomic developmentreduced federal bureaucracyresource development

— 536 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise 2. Engaging in real-time monitoring of operations. l Reduce bureaucratic inefficiencies by consolidating federal water working groups. l Implement actions identified in the Federal Action Plan for Improving Fore- casts of Water Availability,93 especially by adopting improvements related to: 1. Forecast Informed Reservoir Operations; and 2. Arial Snow Observation Systems. l Clarify the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act94 to ensure consistent application with other federal infrastructure loan programs under the Federal Credit Reform Act. This should be done to foster opportunities for locally led investment in water infrastructure. l Reinstate Presidential Memorandum on Promoting the Reliable Supply and Delivery of Water in the West.95 AMERICAN INDIANS AND U.S. TRUST RESPONSIBILITY The Biden Administration has breached its federal trust responsibilities to American Indians. This is unconscionable. Specifically, the Biden Administra- tion’s war on domestically available fossil fuels and mineral sources has been devastating. To wit: l The ability of American Indians and tribal governments to develop their abundant oil and gas resources has been severely hampered, depriving them of the revenue and profits to which they are entitled during a time of increasing worldwide energy prices, forcing American Indians—who are among the poorest Americans—to choose between food and fuel. l Indian nations with significant coal resources have some of the highest quality and cleanest-burning coal in the world, but the Biden Administration has sought to destroy the market for their coal by eliminating coal-fired electricity in the country and to prevent the transport of their coal for sale internationally. Meanwhile, the Biden Administration, at great public expense, artificially boosted the demand for electric vehicles, which, because of their remote locations, the absence of increased electricity demands for charging electric vehicles nearby, and the distances to be traveled, are not a choice for Indian communities. — 537 — Department of the Interior l A significant percentage of critical minerals needed by the United States is on Indian lands, but the Biden Administration has actively discouraged development of critical mineral mining projects on Indian lands rather than assisting in their advancement. l Despite Indian nations having primary responsibility for their lands and environment and responsibility for the safety of their communities, the Biden Administration is reversing efforts to put Indian nations in charge of environmental regulation on their own lands. Moreover, Biden Administration policies, including those of the DOI, have dis- proportionately impacted American Indians and Indian nations. l By its failure to secure the border, the Biden Administration has robbed Indian nations on or near the Mexican border of safe and secure communities while permitting them to be swamped by a tide of illegal drugs, particularly fentanyl. l When ending COVID protocols at Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) schools, Biden’s DOI failed to ensure an accurate accounting of students returning from school shutdowns, which presents a significant danger to the families that trust their children to that federal agency. l The BIE is not reporting student academic assessment data to ensure parents and the larger tribal communities know their children are learning and are receiving a quality education. The new Administration must take the following actions to fulfill the nation’s trust responsibilities to American Indians and Indian nations: l End the war on fossil fuels and domestically available minerals and facilitate their development on lands owned by Indians and Indian nations. l End federal mandates and subsidies of electric vehicles. l Restore the right of tribal governments to enforce environmental regulation on their lands. l Secure the nation’s border to protect the sovereignty and safety of tribal lands.

Department of the Interior

Moderate
Vector: 61%
Pages: 569-571AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 412 enhances tribal autonomy over land conveyance, which aligns with Project 2025's emphasis on increasing tribal self-governance and facilitating economic development on Indian lands, though it does not directly address critical minerals, environmental regulation enforcement, or border security."

Key themes:tribal self-governanceland management autonomyeconomic developmentresource development facilitation

— 537 — Department of the Interior l A significant percentage of critical minerals needed by the United States is on Indian lands, but the Biden Administration has actively discouraged development of critical mineral mining projects on Indian lands rather than assisting in their advancement. l Despite Indian nations having primary responsibility for their lands and environment and responsibility for the safety of their communities, the Biden Administration is reversing efforts to put Indian nations in charge of environmental regulation on their own lands. Moreover, Biden Administration policies, including those of the DOI, have dis- proportionately impacted American Indians and Indian nations. l By its failure to secure the border, the Biden Administration has robbed Indian nations on or near the Mexican border of safe and secure communities while permitting them to be swamped by a tide of illegal drugs, particularly fentanyl. l When ending COVID protocols at Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) schools, Biden’s DOI failed to ensure an accurate accounting of students returning from school shutdowns, which presents a significant danger to the families that trust their children to that federal agency. l The BIE is not reporting student academic assessment data to ensure parents and the larger tribal communities know their children are learning and are receiving a quality education. The new Administration must take the following actions to fulfill the nation’s trust responsibilities to American Indians and Indian nations: l End the war on fossil fuels and domestically available minerals and facilitate their development on lands owned by Indians and Indian nations. l End federal mandates and subsidies of electric vehicles. l Restore the right of tribal governments to enforce environmental regulation on their lands. l Secure the nation’s border to protect the sovereignty and safety of tribal lands. — 538 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Overhaul BIE schools to put parents and their children first. Finally, the new Administration should seek congressional reauthorization of the Land Buy-Back Program for Tribal Nations,96 which provided a $1.9 bil- lion Trust Land Consolidation Fund to purchase fractional interests in trust or restricted land from willing sellers at fair market value, but which sunsets Novem- ber 24, 2022. New funds should come from the Great American Outdoors Act.97 AUTHOR’S NOTE: The preparation of this chapter was a collective enterprise of individuals involved in the 2025 Presidential Transition Project. All contributors to this chapter are listed at the front of this volume, but some deserve special mention. Kathleen Sgamma, Dan Kish, and Katie Tubb wrote the section on energy in its entirety. I received thoughtful, knowledgeable, and swift assistance from Aubrey Bettencourt, Mark Cruz, Lanny Erdos, Aurelia S. Giacometto, Casey Hammond, Jim Magagna, Chad Padgett, Jim Pond, Rob Roy Ramey II, Kyle E. Scherer, Tara Sweeney, John Tahsuda, Rob Wallace, and Gregory Zerzan. The author alone assumes responsibility for the content of this chapter; no views expressed herein should be attributed to any other individual.

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Moderate
Vector: 59%
Pages: 551-553AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 412 increases tribal authority over non-trust land, which aligns with Project 2025's emphasis on expanding tribal economic opportunities and reducing federal oversight of resource development, though it does not directly address federal oil and gas leasing or DOI's energy dominance agenda."

Key themes:tribal self-governanceland management autonomyeconomic developmentresource utilizationreduced federal oversight

— 519 — Department of the Interior President Joe Biden’s DOI, as is well documented, abandoned all pretense of complying with federal law regarding federally owned oil and gas resources. Not since the Administration of President Harry S. Truman—prior to creation of the OCS oil and gas program—have fewer federal leases been issued.10 At DOI, not since the Reagan Administration was the radical environmen- tal agenda (first implemented by Carter, resumed by Clinton, and revitalized by Obama) rolled back as substantially as it was by President Trump. Trump’s DOI change affected not only oil and gas leasing, as noted above, but all statutory responsibilities of its various agencies, bureaus, and offices. Thus, whether the statutory mandate was to promote economic activity, to ensure and expand rec- reational opportunities, or to protect valuable natural resources, including, for example, parks, wilderness areas, national monuments, and wild and scenic areas, efforts were expended, barriers were removed, and career employees were aided in the accomplishment of those missions. Unfortunately, Biden’s DOI is at war with the department’s mission, not only when it comes to DOI’s obligation to develop the vast oil and gas and coal resources for which it is responsible, but also as to its statutory mandate, for example, to manage much of federal land overseen by the BLM pursuant to “multiple use” and “sustained yield” principles.11 Instead, Biden’s DOI believes most BLM land should be placed off-limits to all economic and most recreational uses. Worse yet, Biden’s DOI not only refuses to adhere to the statutes enacted by Congress as to how the lands under its jurisdiction are managed, but it also insists on implementing a vast regulatory regime (for which Congress has not granted authority) and overturning, by unilateral regulatory action, congressional acts that set forth the productive economic uses permitted on DOI-managed federal land. BUDGET STRUCTURE At $18.9 billion, DOI’s 2024 proposed budget is small relative to many other federal agencies. On the other side of the ledger, the DOI forecasts it will generate more than $19.6 billion in “offsetting receipts” from oil and gas royalties, timber and grazing fees, park user fees, and land sales, among other sources. Most of the proposed allocations are divided among nine bureaus. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Fulfills Indian trust responsibilities on behalf of 566 Indian tribes; supports natural resource education, law enforcement, and social service programs delivered by tribes; operates 182 elementary and secondary schools and dormitories and 29 tribally controlled community colleges, universi- ties, and post-secondary schools. Bureau of Land Management. Manages and conserves resources for 245 million acres of public land and 700 million acres of subsurface federal mineral estate, including energy and mineral development, forest management, timber and biomass production, and wild horse and burro management. — 520 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Manages access to renewable and conventional energy resources of the Outer Continental Shelf, including more than 6,400 fluid mineral leases on approximately 35 million OCS acres; issues leases for 24 percent of domestic crude oil and 8 percent of domestic natural gas supply; oversees lease and grant issuance for offshore renewable energy projects. Bureau of Reclamation. Manages, develops, and protects water and related resources, including 476 dams and 337 reservoirs; delivers water to one in every five western farmers and more than 31 million people; is America’s second-largest producer of hydroelectric power. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. Regulates offshore oil and gas facilities on 1.7 billion acres of the Outer Continental Shelf; oversees oil spill response; supports research on technology for oil spill response. National Park Service. Maintains and manages 401 natural, cultural, and recreational sites, 26,000 historic structures, and more than 44 million acres of wilderness; provides outdoor recreation; provides technical assistance and support to state and local programs. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. Regulates coal mining and site reclamation; provides grants to states and tribes for mining over- sight; mitigates the effects of past mining. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Manages the 150-million-acre National Wild- life Refuge System; manages 70 fish hatcheries and other related facilities for endangered species recovery; protects migratory birds and some marine mammals. U.S. Geological Survey. Conducts scientific research in ecosystems, climate, and land-use change, mineral assessments, environmental health, and water resources; produces information about natural hazards (earthquakes, volcanoes, and landslides); leads climate change research for the department. RESTORING AMERICAN ENERGY DOMINANCE Given the dire adverse national impact of Biden’s war on fossil fuels, no other initiative is as important for the DOI under a conservative President than the restoration of the department’s historic role managing the nation’s vast store- house of hydrocarbons, much of which is yet to be discovered. The U.S. depends on reliable and cheap energy resources to ensure the economic well-being of its citizens, the vitality of its economy, and its geopolitical standing in an uncertain and dangerous world. Not only are valuable natural resources owned generally by the American people involved, so too are those owned separately by American Indian tribes and individual American Indians, both of which have been injured by Biden’s illegal actions. The federal government owns 61 percent of the onshore and offshore min- eral estate of the U.S., but only 22 percent of the nation’s oil and 12 percent of U.S. natural gas comes from those federal lands and waters—and even that amount is

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Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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