Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act

Download PDF
Bill ID: 119/hr/1919
Last Updated: February 4, 2026

Sponsored by

Rep. Emmer, Tom [R-MN-6]

ID: E000294

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

July 17, 2025

Introduced

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

🏛️

Committee Review

🗳️

Floor Action

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another masterpiece of legislative theater from the esteemed members of Congress. The Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act, a bill so cleverly crafted that it's almost as if they're trying to convince us they care about our privacy and financial freedom.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The main purpose of this bill is to pretend to address concerns about central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and their potential use for surveillance. The sponsors want you to believe they're protecting your rights, but in reality, they're just trying to appease the libertarian crowd while maintaining the status quo.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill prohibits Federal Reserve banks from offering financial products or services directly to individuals and restricts their ability to issue CBDCs. It also amends the Federal Reserve Act to prevent the use of CBDCs for monetary policy purposes. Oh, but don't worry, they've included a convenient exception for "dollar-denominated currency that is open, permissionless, and private" – just in case they need to create a new form of digital money that's not actually a CBDC.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The usual suspects are involved: the Federal Reserve, financial institutions, and individuals who might be foolish enough to think this bill will protect their financial privacy. Meanwhile, the real stakeholders – the politicians, lobbyists, and special interest groups – will continue to reap the benefits of a system that's designed to maintain their power and influence.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill is nothing more than a Band-Aid on a bullet wound. It won't stop the inevitable march towards a cashless society or prevent the government from monitoring your financial transactions. The real impact will be felt by those who think this bill is a genuine attempt to protect their rights – they'll be lulled into a false sense of security while the powers that be continue to erode their freedoms.

In conclusion, HR 1919 is a masterclass in legislative misdirection. It's a cleverly crafted illusion designed to make you believe your elected officials care about your financial freedom and privacy. Don't be fooled – this bill is just another symptom of a deeper disease: the insatiable desire for power and control that afflicts our politicians.

Diagnosis: **Terminal Naivety**

Prescription: **A healthy dose of skepticism**

Related Topics

Civil Rights & Liberties State & Local Government Affairs Transportation & Infrastructure Small Business & Entrepreneurship Government Operations & Accountability National Security & Intelligence Criminal Justice & Law Enforcement Federal Budget & Appropriations Congressional Rules & Procedures
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Emmer, Tom [R-MN-6]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$1,164,550
21 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$64,550
Committees
$0
Individuals
$1,100,000

No PAC contributions found

1
AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
2 transactions
$16,700
2
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
2 transactions
$10,000
3
POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS
2 transactions
$6,600
4
PRAIRIE ISLAND TRIBAL COUNCIL
1 transaction
$5,000
5
FOREST COUNTY POTAWATOMI COMMUNITY
1 transaction
$5,000
6
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
3 transactions
$4,950
7
MIAMI TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA
2 transactions
$4,000
8
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
2 transactions
$3,300
9
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
1 transaction
$2,000
10
SOBOBA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS
1 transaction
$2,000
11
ONEIDA NATION
2 transactions
$2,000
12
MOHEGAN TRIBE OF INDIANS OF CONNECTICUT
1 transaction
$1,000
13
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
1 transaction
$1,000
14
BRYANT SONGY SNELL
1 transaction
$1,000

No committee contributions found

1
AUSTIN, TANI DRU
1 transaction
$250,000
2
AUSTIN, WILLIAM F.
1 transaction
$250,000
3
HILL, VERNON
2 transactions
$200,000
4
DEVRIES, TIMOTHY C.
1 transaction
$100,000
5
ROSEN, TOM
1 transaction
$100,000
6
WALTON, ROB MR..
1 transaction
$100,000
7
BROIN, JEFF
1 transaction
$100,000

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Hill, J. French [R-AR-2]

ID: H001072

Top Contributors

10

1
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
Organization ROHNERT PARK, CA
$6,600
Aug 5, 2024
2
SAGINAW CHIPPEWA INDIAN TRIBE
Organization MT PLEASANT, MI
$3,300
Sep 29, 2023
3
POKAGON BAND OF POTAWATOMI INDIANS
Organization DOWAGIAC, MI
$3,300
Sep 29, 2023
4
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
Organization ROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Aug 5, 2024
5
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND OF POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
Organization SHELBYVILLE, MI
$3,300
Oct 22, 2024
6
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND OF POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
Organization SHELBYVILLE, MI
$3,300
Dec 21, 2023
7
MASHANTUCKET PEQUOT TRIBE
Organization MASHANTUCKET, CT
$3,300
Dec 21, 2023
8
NOTTAWASEPPI HURON BAND OF THE POTAWATOMI
Organization FULTON, MI
$3,300
Mar 29, 2024
9
CHEROKEE NATION
Organization WASHINGTON, DC
$1,000
Sep 23, 2024
10
PEOPLE FOR BETTER GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE OF THE SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
Organization LOS ANGELES, CA
$1,000
Aug 22, 2024

Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

ID: M001194

Top Contributors

10

1
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
Organization SHELBYVILLE, MI
$3,300
Aug 30, 2023
2
PECHANGA BAND OF INDIANS
Organization TEMECULA, CA
$3,300
Aug 30, 2023
3
POKAGON BAND OF POTAWATOMI INDIANS
Organization DOWAGIAC, MI
$3,300
Aug 30, 2023
4
SAGINAW CHIPPEWA INDIAN TRIBE TRIBAL OPERATIONS
Organization MOUNT PLEASANT, MI
$3,300
Sep 30, 2023
5
SHINGLE SPRINGS BAND OF MIWOK INDIANS
Organization SHINGLE SPRINGS, CA
$3,300
Sep 30, 2023
6
NOTTAWASEPPI HURON BAND OF THE POTAWATOMI
Organization FULTON, MI
$3,300
Mar 12, 2024
7
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
Organization PRIOR LAKE, MN
$3,300
Jun 20, 2024
8
SAULT STE. MARIE TRIBE CHIPPEWA INDIANS
Organization SAULT SAINTE MARIE, MI
$2,900
Dec 19, 2023
9
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
Organization LOS ANGELES, CA
$2,500
Mar 4, 2024
10
SHINGLE SPRINGS BAND OF MIWOK INDIANS
Organization SHINGLE SPRINGS, CA
$2,500
Sep 30, 2024

Rep. Hudson, Richard [R-NC-9]

ID: H001067

Top Contributors

10

1
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
Organization BANNING, CA
$3,300
Sep 30, 2023
2
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
Organization LOS ANGELES, CA
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
3
CATAWBA INDIAN NATION
Organization ROCK HILL, SC
$1,500
Mar 5, 2024
4
RYAN HUDSON REVOCABLE TRUST
Organization MIAMI BEACH, FL
$6,600
Sep 29, 2023
5
MACGREGOR TRUST
Organization CALEDONIA, MI
$4,000
Dec 29, 2023
6
RYAN HUDSON REVOCABLE TRUST
Organization MIAMI BEACH, FL
$3,300
Sep 29, 2023
7
MICHAEL J. JANDERNOA TRUST
Organization GRAND RAPIDS, MI
$2,300
Dec 29, 2023
8
GREGORY M OLSON TRUST
Organization NORTON SHORES, MI
$1,000
Dec 29, 2023
9
WILLIAM G CURRIE TRUST
Organization ADA, MI
$1,000
Sep 29, 2023
10
B & B DAIRY
Organization PLAINVIEW, TX
$500
Jun 27, 2024

Rep. Ogles, Andrew [R-TN-5]

ID: O000175

Top Contributors

10

1
WINTERSTEEN, JAMES
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual MILL VALLEY, CA
$13,200
Jun 27, 2024
2
FISHER, KENNETH L.
FISHER INVESTMENTS EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN
Individual PLANO, TX
$6,600
May 23, 2024
3
FISHER, SHERRILYN
PLANO 6500 LLC MEMBER
Individual PLANO, TX
$6,600
May 23, 2024
4
RAMSEY, DAVE
RAMSEY CEO
Individual COLLEGE GROVE, TN
$6,600
Jul 27, 2024
5
MOSING, GREG
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual BROUSSARD, LA
$6,600
Jul 24, 2024
6
SHOCKLEY, QIANG
QIANG SHOCKLEY TECHNICIAN
Individual IRVINE, CA
$6,600
Jun 8, 2023
7
BEAMAN, LEE MR.
BEAMAN VENTURES INVESTOR
Individual NASHVILLE, TN
$6,600
Apr 13, 2023
8
GUO, MING
INTEL INC MANAGER
Individual CUPERTINO, CA
$6,600
Jun 2, 2023
9
KENNINGER, STEVEN
QMO LLC INVESTOR
Individual AUSTIN, TX
$6,600
Sep 25, 2023
10
JAQUISH, GAIL
JURIX, INC. PSYCHOLOGIST
Individual AUSTIN, TX
$6,600
Sep 26, 2023

Rep. Bost, Mike [R-IL-12]

ID: B001295

Top Contributors

10

1
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
Organization MARICOPA, AZ
$3,300
Feb 21, 2024
2
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
Organization MARICOPA, AZ
$3,300
Aug 14, 2024
3
MIAMI TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA
Organization MIAMI, OK
$2,000
Aug 14, 2024
4
CAMPBELL FARMS
Organization CARMI, IL
$1,500
Sep 19, 2023
5
MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION
Organization OKMULGEE, OK
$1,000
Jun 25, 2024
6
MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION
Organization OKMULGEE, OK
$500
Jun 25, 2024
7
WAITE, TOMB & EBERLY LLP
Organization TROY, OH
$500
Apr 1, 2024
8
EMMET, RICHARD
NONE RETIRED
Individual LARCHMONT, NY
$6,600
Nov 21, 2023
9
GILLIAM, RICHARD
CUMBERLAND DEVELOPMENT MANAGER
Individual CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
$6,600
Nov 21, 2023
10
SCHWAB, CHARLES
CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION CHAIRMAN
Individual PALM BEACH, FL
$6,600
Dec 19, 2023

Rep. Franklin, Scott [R-FL-18]

ID: F000472

Top Contributors

10

1
SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLORIDA
Organization HOLLYWOOD, FL
$3,300
Aug 23, 2023
2
SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLORIDA
Organization HOLLYWOOD, FL
$3,300
Aug 16, 2024
3
MICCOSUKEE TRIBE
Organization MIAMI, FL
$1,000
Jan 30, 2024
4
CARUTHERS PROPERTIES, LLC
Organization ARLINGTON, VA
$1,700
Jun 30, 2024
5
CASSIDY, ALBERT B MR.
THE CASSIDY ORGANIZATION INC. REAL ESTATE
Individual WINTER HAVEN, FL
$6,600
May 12, 2023
6
CASSIDY, GENA
Individual WINTER HAVEN, FL
$6,600
Jun 16, 2023
7
CASSIDY, GLORIA
ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEUR
Individual WINTER HAVEN, FL
$6,600
May 12, 2023
8
CASSIDY, STEVEN L
Individual WINTER HAVEN, FL
$6,600
Jun 16, 2023
9
SILBEY, ALEXANDER
ATS COMMUNICATIONS INC CONSULTANT
Individual WASHINGTON, DC
$5,000
Mar 29, 2024
10
BRADY, JOSEPH P
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual ST. PETERSBURG, FL
$5,000
Aug 23, 2023

Rep. Greene, Marjorie Taylor [R-GA-14]

ID: G000596

Top Contributors

10

1
PREWETT SERVICES LLC
Organization SOUTHAVEN, MS
$5,000
Jun 14, 2023
2
PREWETT SERVICES LLC
Organization SOUTHAVEN, MS
$1,700
Jun 14, 2023
3
THE WETZEL FAMILY TRUST
Organization LAS VEGAS, NV
$250
Jun 28, 2024
4
WIX.COM
Organization SAN FRANCISCO, CA
$60
Jul 8, 2024
5
WIX.COM
Organization SAN FRANCISCO, CA
$20
Sep 17, 2024
6
LUKE, DON MR
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual PHOENIX, AZ
$11,600
Mar 13, 2023
7
RADGOWSKI, STEVEN
Individual NORTHPORT, NY
$7,300
Dec 31, 2023
8
HAHN, SAMUEL
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual FAIRVIEW HEIGHTS, IL
$6,600
Aug 30, 2024
9
ELLIOTT, BEVERLY B MS
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual MOUNT JULIET, TN
$6,600
Mar 16, 2023
10
MCMANUS, DEBORAH
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual LIVERMORE, CA
$6,600
Mar 18, 2023

Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]

ID: B001302

Top Contributors

10

1
BENNETT, HEATHER
Individual TOWNVILLE, SC
$6,600
Feb 12, 2024
2
COX, HOWARD
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual SENECA, SC
$6,600
Mar 18, 2024
3
SCOTT, MARILYN
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual KOSCIUSKO, MS
$6,600
Feb 12, 2024
4
SEYMORE, GARY W
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual ANDERSON, SC
$6,600
Feb 12, 2024
5
MATTEO, CHRIS
UBS FINANCIAL ADVISOR
Individual HOBOKEN, NJ
$5,000
Mar 6, 2024
6
CASSELS, W.T. JR.
SOUTHEASTERN FRIGHT LINES PRESIDENT
Individual COLUMBIA, SC
$3,500
Oct 30, 2024
7
CASSELS, W TOBIN III
SOUTHEASTERN FREIGHT LINES PRESIDENT
Individual COLUMBIA, SC
$3,500
Oct 30, 2024
8
ARIAIL, BRANDI C
CROSSWALK HOLDINGS, INC. INVESTOR
Individual GREENVILLE, SC
$3,500
Mar 22, 2024
9
FLOYD, KAREN KANES
THE PALLADIAN GROUP INC PUBLIC RELATIONS
Individual SPARTANBURG, SC
$3,500
Jun 18, 2024
10
SIMPSON, DARWIN H
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual SPARTANBURG, SC
$3,500
Jun 18, 2024

Rep. Cloud, Michael [R-TX-27]

ID: C001115

Top Contributors

10

1
BUTLER CONSULTING
Organization PORT LAVACA, TX
$250
Oct 25, 2024
2
BURDGE, THOMAS R
VP OF ACCOUNTING
Individual VICTORIA, TX
$6,600
Oct 3, 2024
3
BORCHERS, CHARLA
RANCHING INVESTMENTS
Individual VICTORIA, TX
$6,600
Oct 2, 2024
4
BURDGE, THOMAS R
VP OF ACCOUNTING
Individual VICTORIA, TX
$6,600
Oct 3, 2024
5
ATNIP, CHAR
Individual CORPUS CHRISTI, TX
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
6
ATNIP, CLIF
Individual CORPUS CHRISTI, TX
$3,300
Oct 28, 2024
7
BURDGE, TAMI
Individual VICTORIA, TX
$3,300
Oct 28, 2024
8
RAMIREZ, PHILIP
TURNER, RAMIREZ & ASSOCIATES, INC. ARCHITECT
Individual CORPUS CHRISTI, TX
$3,300
Jan 4, 2024
9
PARKER, ROBERT E.
REPCON INC. PRESIDENT
Individual CORPUS CHRISTI, TX
$3,300
Jan 12, 2024
10
TROXLER, JOSEPH G.
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual CORDOVA, TN
$3,300
Jan 16, 2024

Rep. Flood, Mike [R-NE-1]

ID: F000474

Top Contributors

10

1
CHEROKEE NATION
Organization TAHLEQUAH, OK
$3,300
Oct 31, 2024
2
DEMOCRACY ENGINE, LLC
Organization WASHINGTON, DC
$1,919
Jun 24, 2024
3
SUGAR CREEK REALTY
Organization SAINT LOUIS, MO
$1,500
Oct 1, 2024
4
DEMOCRACY ENGINE, LLC
Organization WASHINGTON, DC
$959
May 28, 2024
5
LAMA COMMUNITY TRUST
Organization SAN CRISTOBAL, NM
$833
Jun 26, 2024
6
RADCLIFFE GILBERTSON & BRADY
Organization LINCOLN, NE
$500
Oct 20, 2024
7
CASSLING, MICHAEL
CASSLING CEO
Individual OMAHA, NE
$13,200
Mar 13, 2023
8
BRADFORD VI, DANA
C3 BRANDS CEO
Individual OMAHA, NE
$6,600
Mar 28, 2023
9
HAWKINS JR, FRED
HAWKINS CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION
Individual OMAHA, NE
$6,600
May 11, 2024
10
DUGGER, CATHERINE
RETIRED RETIRED
Individual OMAHA, NE
$6,600
Oct 21, 2024

Donor Network - Rep. Emmer, Tom [R-MN-6]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Loading...

Showing 36 nodes and 45 connections

Total contributions: $1,230,750

Top Donors - Rep. Emmer, Tom [R-MN-6]

Showing top 21 donors by contribution amount

14 Orgs7 Individuals

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document. AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Introduction

Very Strong
Vector: 68%
Pages: 773-775 AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 1919 directly implements the Project 2025 policy objective of preventing the institution of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) and aligns with the goal of limiting surveillance state risks. The bill's provisions restricting the Federal Reserve's authority in the digital currency space are consistent with the policy's aim to prevent a CBDC from providing unprecedented surveillance and control over financial transactions."

Key themes: CBDC prevention surveillance state limitation Federal Reserve authority restriction

— 741 — Federal Reserve l Appoint a commission to explore the mission of the Federal Reserve, alternatives to the Federal Reserve system, and the nation’s financial regulatory apparatus. l Prevent the institution of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). A CBDC would provide unprecedented surveillance and potential control of financial transactions without providing added benefits available through existing technologies.34 AUTHOR’S NOTE: The preparation of this chapter was a collective enterprise of individuals involved in the 2025 Presidential Transition Project. All contributors to this chapter are listed at the front of this volume, but Alexander Salter, Judy Shelton, and Peter St Onge, deserve special mention. The chapter reflects input from all the contributors, however, no views expressed herein should be attributed to any specific individual. — 742 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise ENDNOTES 1. U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution (accessed January 23, 2023). 2. For example, Alexander Salter and Daniel Smith (2019) show that Federal Reserve Chairs become more favorable toward monetary discretion once they are confirmed compared to previous stances. Alexander William Salter and Daniel J. Smith, “Political Economists or Political Economists? The Role of Political Environments in the Formation of Fed Policy Under Burns, Greenspan, and Bernanke,” Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Vol. 71 (February 2019), pp. 1–13. 3. Sarah Binder, “The Federal Reserve as a ‘Political’ Institution,” American Academy of Arts and Sciences Bulletin, Vol. LXIX, No. 3 (Spring 2016), pp. 47–49, https://www.amacad.org/sites/default/files/bulletin/ downloads/bulletin_Spring2016.pdf (accessed January 23, 2023). See also Charles L. Weise, “Political Pressures on Monetary Policy During the US Great Inflation,” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, Vol. 4, No. 2 (April 2012), pp. 33–64, https://www.haverford.edu/sites/default/files/Department/Economics/ Weise_Political_Pressures_on%20Monetary_Policy.pdf (accessed January 23, 2023). 4. The Federal Reserve’s financial stability mandate is poorly defined. The Fed has taken advantage of the statutory vagueness and proceeded as if it has the authority to engage in these activities, although it is highly questionable whether this is permissible. 5. 12 U.S.C. § 225a, https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/225a (accessed January 23, 2023). 6. See Peter J. Boettke, Alexander William Salter, and Daniel J. Smith, Money and the Rule of Law: Generality and Predictability in Monetary Institutions (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2021). 7. George Selgin, William D. Lastrapes, and Lawrence H. White, “Has the Fed Been a Failure?” Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 34, No. 3 (September 2012), pp. 569–596, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/abs/pii/S0164070412000304 (accessed January 24, 2023). 8. This includes federal programs that automatically provide for adjustments as the economy contracts (for example, unemployment insurance or the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program). 9. Mark Segal, “Fed to Launch Climate Risk Resilience Tests with Big Banks,” ESG Today, September 30, 2022, https://www.esgtoday.com/fed-to-launch-climate-risk-resilience-tests-with-big-banks/ (accessed January 23, 2023). 10. Kenneth J. Robinson, “Savings and Loan Crisis 1980–1989,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Federal Reserve History, November 22, 2013, https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/savings-and-loan-crisis (accessed January 23, 2023). 11. Russell Roberts, “Gambling with Other People’s Money: How Perverted Incentives Caused the Financial Crisis,” Mercatus Center at George Mason University, May 2010, https://www.mercatus.org/system/files/RUSS-final. pdf (accessed January 24, 2023). 12. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Credit and Liquidity Programs Balance Sheet Data Series, 2007–2022, https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bst_recenttrends.htm (accessed January 24, 2023). 13. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, U.S. Treasury Securities Data Series (TREAST), 2004–2022, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TREAST (accessed January 24, 2023). 14. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Mortgage-Backed Securities Data Series (WSHOMCB), 2004–2022, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WSHOMCB (accessed January 24, 2023). 15. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Total Assets (Less Eliminations from Consolidation) Data Series (WALCL), 2004–2022, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WALCL (accessed January 24, 2023). 16. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, “S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, S&P/Case–Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index (CSUSHPINSA),” https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CSUSHPINSA (accessed January 24, 2023). The Case–Shiller Home Price Index tracks home prices given a constant level of quality. See S&P Dow Jones Indices, “Real Estate: S&P CoreLogic Case–Shiller Home Price Indices,” https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/index-family/indicators/sp- corelogic-case-shiller/sp-corelogic-case-shiller-composite/#overview (accessed January 24, 2023). 17. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, “Real Residential Property Prices for United States (QUSR628BIS),” https:// fred.stlouisfed.org/series/QUSR368BIS (accessed January 24, 2023). 18. Longterm Trends, “Home Price to Income Ratio (US & UK): Home Price to Median Household Income Ratio (US),” https://www.longtermtrends.net/home-price-median-annual-income-ratio/ (accessed January 24, 2023).

About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

Full Policy Text