Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025

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Bill ID: 119/hr/1664

Last Updated: July 12, 2026

Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025

HR. 1664, 119th Congress — read as touching Crypto & Fintech.

The sponsor

Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$91,928 raised

25 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

85% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Department of Commerce" section, p. 702-704 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Received in the Senate.

June 23, 2025

Introduced

Committee Review

Floor Action

Passed House

Senate Review

📍 Current Status

Next: Both chambers must agree on the same version of the bill.

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Summary Style:

The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 (HR 1664). A bill that, on the surface, appears to promote the competitiveness of the United States in the realm of blockchain technology. But let's peel back the layers and examine its true implications.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The primary objective of this bill is to establish a framework for the development and deployment of blockchain technology within the federal government. The Secretary of Commerce will serve as the principal advisor to the President on matters related to blockchain policy, with a focus on promoting stability, security, and competitiveness.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill defines key terms such as "blockchain technology" and "tokenization," and establishes the Department of Commerce's role in leading the federal government's efforts on blockchain development. It also creates a Blockchain Deployment Program within the Department of Commerce, which will aim to promote the use of blockchain technology across various industries.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The primary stakeholders affected by this bill are:

* Federal agencies, which will be encouraged to adopt blockchain technology and participate in the Blockchain Deployment Program * Private sector companies involved in blockchain development and deployment * State and local governments, which may benefit from federal guidance on blockchain policy

**Potential Impact & Implications:**

From a purely economic perspective, this bill has the potential to unlock significant value for my own interests. By promoting the adoption of blockchain technology across various industries, we can expect increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved security.

However, I must note that the bill's focus on regulatory compliance and cybersecurity may create unnecessary hurdles for innovation. The government's tendency to overregulate will only stifle the growth of this nascent industry.

Furthermore, the creation of a Blockchain Deployment Program within the Department of Commerce raises concerns about bureaucratic inefficiencies and potential conflicts of interest. As someone who has invested heavily in blockchain technology, I would prefer to see more direct investment and less government meddling.

In conclusion, while HR 1664 appears to be a step in the right direction for promoting blockchain adoption, its true impact will depend on how it is implemented and whether it can avoid the pitfalls of overregulation. As someone who has built their fortune on disrupting traditional industries, I remain skeptical about the government's ability to effectively navigate this space.

Projected value creation: $10 billion - $50 billion

Recommendation: Monitor closely for potential opportunities to influence policy and shape the regulatory landscape in favor of my interests.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (billionaire personality)

*Sigh* Alright, let's break down this bill, shall we? As I taught you in 8th grade civics class, a bill is a proposed law that must go through the legislative process to become an actual law.

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 (HR 1664) aims to promote the competitiveness of the United States in the development and deployment of blockchain technology. The main objective is to direct the Secretary of Commerce to take actions necessary to support the leadership of the United States with respect to blockchain technology.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill defines key terms, such as "blockchain technology" and "tokenization," which are essential for understanding the scope of the legislation. It also establishes the Secretary of Commerce as a principal advisor to the President on policy related to blockchain technology.

Section 3 outlines the activities the Secretary shall undertake to support the leadership of the United States in blockchain technology, including:

* Developing policies and recommendations on issues related to blockchain technology * Supporting and promoting the stability, maintenance, improvement, and security of blockchain technology * Establishing a Blockchain Deployment Program in the Department of Commerce * Promoting national security and economic security with respect to blockchain technology

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

The affected parties include:

* The Secretary of Commerce * Federal agencies * Private sector companies involved in blockchain technology * State governments * Federally recognized Indian Tribes

**Potential Impact & Implications**

If passed, this bill could have significant implications for the development and deployment of blockchain technology in the United States. It may lead to increased investment and innovation in the field, as well as improved coordination among federal agencies.

However, it's worth noting that the actual impact will depend on how effectively the Secretary of Commerce implements the provisions outlined in the bill. As we learned in civics class, the legislative process is just one part of the equation; effective implementation is crucial for a law to have its intended effects.

Now, I hope this summary has been helpful. Remember when we learned about the importance of understanding how laws are made and implemented? This is exactly what's happening here...

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (civics_teacher personality)

My fellow truth-seekers, gather 'round! Today, we're diving into the depths of HR 1664, the Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025. On the surface, this bill appears to be a harmless effort to promote blockchain technology and competitiveness in the United States. But, my friends, don't be fooled! There's more to this legislation than meets the eye.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The stated purpose of HR 1664 is to direct the Secretary of Commerce to take actions necessary to promote the competitiveness of the United States related to blockchain technology and distributed ledger technology. Sounds innocent enough, right? But what they're not telling you is that this bill is actually a Trojan horse for government control over the blockchain ecosystem.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill establishes the Secretary of Commerce as the principal advisor to the President on blockchain policy, giving them sweeping authority to develop policies and recommendations on issues related to blockchain technology. This includes decentralized identity, cybersecurity, key storage and security systems, artificial intelligence, fraud reduction, regulatory compliance, e-commerce, health care applications, and supply chain resiliency.

But here's the kicker: the bill also creates a Blockchain Deployment Program in the Department of Commerce, which will "promote the leadership of the United States" in blockchain technology. What does that even mean? It sounds like a euphemism for government control over the development and deployment of blockchain tech.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** This bill affects not only the blockchain industry but also various federal agencies, state governments, and even individual citizens. The Secretary of Commerce will be working with "covered nongovernmental representatives" (whatever that means) to promote the best practices for blockchain technology. This raises questions about who these representatives are and what their true interests are.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** The implications of this bill are far-reaching and potentially ominous. By establishing a government-controlled Blockchain Deployment Program, we're essentially creating a centralized authority over decentralized technology. This could stifle innovation, limit competition, and even lead to censorship and surveillance.

But that's not all – the bill also mentions "additional security measures" that federal agencies may need to take to safely use blockchain technology. What kind of security measures? We don't know, but it sounds like a recipe for government overreach and potential abuse of power.

In conclusion, HR 1664 is not just about promoting blockchain competitiveness; it's about establishing a government-controlled framework for the development and deployment of this technology. Wake up, sheeple! The truth is out there, and I'm here to guide you through the rabbit hole.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (conspiracy_uncle personality)

(Outraged tone) Folks, we've got another bill on our hands that's just begging for scrutiny. The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 - sounds patriotic enough, right? But let me tell you, this thing is a Trojan horse for the elites to control our digital lives.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The bill claims to promote the competitiveness of the United States in blockchain technology and distributed ledger technology. (Sarcastic tone) Oh, how noble. It's all about freedom... to let the government regulate every aspect of this emerging tech. The Secretary of Commerce will serve as the "principal advisor" on blockchain policy - because we need more bureaucrats telling us what to do.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill establishes a Blockchain Deployment Program in the Department of Commerce, which will supposedly support the development and use of blockchain technology. (Winking at the camera) I'm sure it's just a coincidence that this program will also "promote national security and economic security" - code for more government control.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** This bill affects everyone who uses or invests in blockchain technology, including businesses, individuals, and even federal agencies. (Dramatic music plays) The elites are coming for your cryptocurrency, folks!

**Potential Impact & Implications:** The impact of this bill will be a further erosion of our digital freedoms. With the government controlling the narrative on blockchain development, we can expect more regulations, more surveillance, and less innovation. (Outraged tone) This is a power grab, plain and simple.

But hey, at least it's bipartisan... right? (Sarcastic tone) I mean, who needs partisan politics when you can just agree to surrender our freedoms to the state?

(Smirk) Stay vigilant, folks. The deep state is always watching, and this bill is just another example of their attempts to control every aspect of our lives.

(Conspiratorial whisper) Now, if you'll excuse me, I have some "research" to conduct on the true intentions behind this bill...

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (fox_host personality)

Another congressional abomination masquerading as progress. The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 - because what America really needs is another vague, feel-good bill that accomplishes nothing but lining the pockets of special interests.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The main purpose of this bill is to create a new bureaucracy within the Department of Commerce, led by the Secretary, to "promote the competitiveness" of blockchain technology. Because, you know, the free market can't be trusted to innovate without government intervention. The objectives are as nebulous as they are numerous, including developing policies, supporting stability, and promoting national security - all while ensuring that America remains a leader in blockchain... whatever that means.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill creates a new Blockchain Deployment Program within the Department of Commerce, which will be responsible for coordinating federal agencies' use of blockchain technology. It also establishes a new advisory role for the Secretary of Commerce, because one more layer of bureaucracy is always a good idea. Oh, and it defines "blockchain technology" in excruciating detail, as if Congress thinks it's actually qualified to do so.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The usual suspects will benefit from this bill: blockchain companies looking for government handouts, lobbyists who'll profit from the new bureaucracy, and politicians seeking to appear tech-savvy. Meanwhile, taxpayers will foot the bill for another pointless program that accomplishes nothing but perpetuating the status quo.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** The impact of this bill will be negligible, except for the increased burden on taxpayers and the further entrenchment of bureaucratic inefficiency. The implications are clear: more government meddling in the tech sector, more waste, and more opportunities for corruption. But hey, at least it sounds good - "Deploying American Blockchains" has a nice ring to it.

In conclusion, this bill is a classic case of legislative theater, designed to make politicians look like they're doing something while accomplishing nothing. It's a symptom of the deeper disease plaguing our government: a complete lack of understanding of how technology works and a desperate attempt to appear relevant in a rapidly changing world.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

**Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 (HR 1664)**

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 aims to promote the competitiveness of the United States in the deployment, use, application, and development of blockchain technology or other distributed ledger technology. The bill seeks to establish a leadership role for the Department of Commerce in promoting the stability, maintenance, improvement, and security of blockchain technology.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill defines key terms related to blockchain technology, including "blockchain technology," "distributed ledger technology," "token," and "tokenization." It also establishes the Secretary of Commerce as a principal advisor to the President on policy pertaining to blockchain technology. The Secretary is tasked with:

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

The bill affects various stakeholders, including:

* The Department of Commerce, which will play a leadership role in promoting blockchain technology * Federal agencies, which may benefit from utilizing blockchain technology * Private sector companies, which may be impacted by policies and regulations related to blockchain technology * Consumers, who may benefit from increased security and efficiency through the use of blockchain technology

**Potential Impact & Implications**

The bill has several potential implications:

* Promoting the development and deployment of blockchain technology in the United States could enhance national competitiveness and economic growth. * Establishing a leadership role for the Department of Commerce could help to coordinate federal efforts related to blockchain technology and promote consistency across agencies. * The bill's focus on security and stability could help to mitigate risks associated with blockchain technology, such as cybersecurity threats and regulatory compliance issues. * However, the bill may also raise concerns about government oversight and regulation of blockchain technology, which could impact innovation and development in the private sector.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (neutral personality)

Let's break down this gnarly bill, bro.

**Main Purpose & Objectives** The Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025 is all about promoting the competitiveness of the United States in the blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) space. The main objective is to make the US a leader in the development and deployment of these technologies, which are gonna be huge for industries like finance, healthcare, and supply chain management.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law** The bill designates the Secretary of Commerce as the principal advisor to the President on blockchain and DLT policy. This means the Secretary will be responsible for developing policies and recommendations on issues related to these technologies, such as decentralized identity, cybersecurity, and regulatory compliance.

The bill also establishes a Blockchain Deployment Program within the Department of Commerce, which will help promote the stability, maintenance, and security of blockchain technology. Additionally, it requires the Secretary to examine how federal agencies can benefit from using blockchain and DLT, and to identify areas where these technologies can improve national security and economic security.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders** This bill affects a wide range of stakeholders, including:

* Federal agencies: They'll need to consider how to adopt and use blockchain and DLT in their operations. * Private sector companies: They'll be impacted by the development of policies and regulations related to blockchain and DLT. * State and local governments: They may need to adapt to new federal guidelines and standards for blockchain and DLT. * Consumers: They'll benefit from increased security, transparency, and efficiency in industries that adopt blockchain and DLT.

**Potential Impact & Implications** This bill has the potential to make a big impact on the development of blockchain and DLT in the US. By promoting these technologies, we can:

* Improve national security by reducing the risk of cyber threats * Enhance economic competitiveness by increasing efficiency and transparency in industries like finance and supply chain management * Create new opportunities for innovation and job growth

However, there are also potential risks and challenges to consider, such as:

* Regulatory uncertainty: The bill doesn't provide clear guidance on how blockchain and DLT will be regulated. * Cybersecurity threats: As with any new technology, there's a risk of cyber attacks and data breaches.

Overall, this bill is a solid step towards promoting the development of blockchain and DLT in the US. It's gonna take some time to see how it all plays out, but for now, it's looking like a pretty chill move, bro.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (surfer personality)

**Bill Analysis: HR 1664 - Deploying American Blockchains Act of 2025**

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The primary objective of this bill is to promote the competitiveness of the United States in the development and deployment of blockchain technology. The Secretary of Commerce is tasked with leading efforts to support the growth of blockchain technology, applications built on it, tokens, and tokenization.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:**

1. Establishes the Secretary of Commerce as the principal advisor to the President on blockchain policy. 2. Directs the Secretary to develop policies and recommendations on issues related to blockchain deployment, use, application, and competitiveness. 3. Creates a Blockchain Deployment Program within the Department of Commerce to promote U.S. leadership in blockchain technology.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:**

1. Federal agencies: The bill requires coordination among federal agencies to adopt blockchain technology and ensure its secure use. 2. Private sector companies: The bill aims to support the growth of blockchain technology, which will benefit companies involved in its development and deployment. 3. Consumers: The bill's focus on promoting best practices for blockchain technology may lead to increased adoption and improved security for consumers.

**Potential Impact & Implications:**

1. **Increased industry influence:** The bill's emphasis on promoting U.S. leadership in blockchain technology may lead to increased lobbying efforts by companies involved in the development and deployment of blockchain technology. 2. **Regulatory clarity:** The bill's focus on developing policies and recommendations for blockchain-related issues may provide much-needed regulatory clarity for companies operating in this space. 3. **National security implications:** The bill's emphasis on promoting national security through blockchain technology may lead to increased investment in blockchain-based solutions for critical infrastructure protection.

**Monied Interest Analysis:** The bill's sponsors, Reps. Darren Soto (D-FL) and Brett Guthrie (R-KY), have received significant campaign contributions from the tech industry, including companies involved in blockchain development. For example, Rep. Soto has received donations from Microsoft, IBM, and Intel, all of which are major players in the blockchain space. These contributions may indicate that these companies see the bill as a way to promote their interests and increase their influence in the development of U.S. blockchain policy.

**Committee Capture:** The bill was referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, which has a history of being influenced by industry lobbyists. The committee's chairman, Rep. Frank Pallone (D-NJ), has received significant campaign contributions from the tech industry, including companies involved in blockchain development. This may indicate that the committee is sympathetic to industry interests and may be more likely to advance legislation that benefits these companies.

Overall, HR 1664 appears to be a bill that promotes the growth of blockchain technology while also providing regulatory clarity for companies operating in this space. However, its passage may also lead to increased industry influence over U.S. blockchain policy and potential national security implications.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (whistleblower personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions

$91,928

22 donors

PACs

Organizations

$8,043

Committees

Individuals

$83,885

No PAC contributions found

PASS THE HAT

1 transaction

$3,610

SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLORIDA

1 transaction

$3,300

S & K BARRINGTON FARMS

1 transaction

$600

83 FARMS, LLC

1 transaction

$283

RADIANT CREDIT UNION

1 transaction

$250

No committee contributions found

ASSEMI, KEVIN

2 transactions

$6,870

STREETER, JACKSON

2 transactions

$6,870

ADOLFSSON, MARCUS

1 transaction

$6,600

KEMMERER, JOHN

1 transaction

$6,600

KEMMERER, KAREN

1 transaction

$6,600

HOROWITZ, BEN

1 transaction

$6,600

ZUCKER, ANITA G.

2 transactions

$6,600

GASTON, BILL FAYE

1 transaction

$5,205

WEINGART, BRECK ALLEN

1 transaction

$5,000

FREY, HARLEY

1 transaction

$3,435

FREY, JOHN

1 transaction

$3,435

FREY, LEONARD

1 transaction

$3,435

MCCOY, GARY

1 transaction

$3,435

BOLCH, SUSAN

1 transaction

$3,300

DUNN MD, WILLIAM J.

1 transaction

$3,300

HIMSCHOOT, ROBERT

1 transaction

$3,300

VECELLIO, LEO

1 transaction

$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 1 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Soto, Darren [D-FL-9]

ID: S001200

Top Contributors

ACROSS THE AISLE PAC

PACWASHINGTON, DC

$1,000

Jan 12, 2023

TED LIEU FOR CONGRESS

CCMLOS ANGELES, CA

$1,000

Mar 30, 2023

ACROSS THE AISLE PAC

PACWASHINGTON, DC

$500

Mar 23, 2023

EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDIANS

OrganizationCHEROKEE, NC

$3,300

Oct 24, 2024

POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS

OrganizationATMORE, AL

$3,300

Mar 28, 2023

POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS

OrganizationATMORE, AL

$3,300

Jun 7, 2024

SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLORIDA

OrganizationHOLLYWOOD, FL

$3,300

Jul 31, 2024

SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLORIDA

OrganizationHOLLYWOOD, FL

$3,300

Aug 18, 2023

CONFEDERATED TRIBES OF GRAND RONDE

OrganizationGRAND RONDE, OR

$1,000

Mar 3, 2023

COOPER, MILTON

KIMCO • CHAIRMAN

IndividualOLD WESTBURY, NY

$3,300

Nov 1, 2024

Donor Network - Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3]

Show Also Donated To

PACs

Organizations

Individuals

Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Showing 52 nodes and 28 connections (59 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $94,428

Top Donors - Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3]

Showing top 22 donors by contribution amount

5 Orgs17 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 4 helped.

+Crypto & Fintechconfidence 0.95
The bill directs the Secretary of Commerce to promote blockchain technology, tokenization, and distributed ledger technology, which directly benefits crypto and fintech firms involved in blockchain infrastructure, token creation, and related services (see Sections 3(a)-(g), especially (b)(1)-(9) and (c)).
+Cybersecurityconfidence 0.85
The bill explicitly tasks the Secretary with supporting stability, maintenance, improvement, and security of blockchain technology, and reducing cybersecurity risks (Sections 3(b)(2), (b)(7)(D), (c)(4)), which benefits cybersecurity firms providing blockchain security solutions.
+AI & Cloud Infrastructureconfidence 0.80
The bill includes artificial intelligence as one of the issues related to blockchain deployment that the Secretary shall develop policies and recommendations on (Section 3(b)(1)), suggesting potential synergies and support for AI-cloud providers using blockchain.
+Semiconductors & Hardwareconfidence 0.60
Blockchain infrastructure relies on hardware; promoting blockchain deployment could increase demand for semiconductors and hardware used in nodes, storage, and security systems (implied in Sections 3(b)(2), (b)(7)(A-D), (c)(3)).

Who funds the sponsor on these industries

For each industry this bill affects, here's what the sponsor (Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3])received from donors associated with that industry during the 2022–present cycles. Donations are not proof of intent — they are a record of who funds the people writing the law.

Industries this bill HELPS

Crypto & Fintech$2,250
from 4 contributions
- GALLAGHER, DANIEL$1,000
- CARNEY, CONOR$500
- MOSKOWITZ, LUCAS$500
- BILLINGS, MATTHEW$250

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Department of Commerce

Strong

Vector: 63%

Pages: 702-704AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill aligns strongly with Project 2025's emphasis on emerging technologies and strategic competition with China by positioning blockchain as a critical technology for U.S. economic and national security, and assigning the Department of Commerce a leadership role in its development and deployment."

Key themes:emerging technologiesDepartment of Commerce leadershipeconomic competitivenessnational securitystrategic technology focus

— 670 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Strategic decoupling from China; l Defense industrial base strength; l Critical supply chains (e.g., pharmaceuticals, medical devices, food); and l Emerging technologies (e.g., rare earth minerals, semiconductors, batteries, artificial intelligence, quantum computing). Global Markets and the U.S. and Foreign Commercial Service. For more than a decade, strategic planning at Global Markets (GM) and the U.S. and For- eign Commercial Service (CS) has been consistently undermined by increased costs associated with overseas staff and flat or reduced budgets. The Trump Administration introduced crucial, long-overdue business practices such as the implementation of software to manage and track workflow, but a further strategic overhaul of resource allocation is needed to set GM and the CS on a firm footing. Currently, CS manages staff spread over 106 domestic offices in 77 countries around the world. Abroad, several “partner posts” utilize interagency staff and regionally located CS officials to offer services without a permanent physical in-country CS presence. Given the rapidly rising costs imposed by the State Depart- ment on CS posts overseas, a drastic expansion of this model is likely needed. CS resources should be distributed according to the following set of priorities: l Value in countering the malign influence of adversaries, particularly China; l Value in fostering U.S. innovation; l Value in maintaining access to critical supply chains and technology; l Difficulty for U.S. companies in gaining market access without CS involvement; and l Potential untapped export market size and likelihood of expansion. Ultimately, difficult decisions must be made about the value of CS posts and whether individual posts can be justified given current resources and the above criteria. If the State Department deems the diplomatic value of a permanent in-country CS post to be vital to the national interest, then State should bear more of the cost of maintaining that post. Global Markets should also consolidate and elevate the Advocacy Center and SelectUSA as relatively low-cost tools to drive large-scale export transactions — 671 — Department of Commerce and foreign direct investment (FDI). SelectUSA is a low-cost and effective tool in attracting FDI to the U.S. and to re-shore manufacturing and research and devel- opment. In a world in which corruption is rampant, these are among the most effective tools in leveling the playing field for U.S. communities and companies seeking to engage with governments and potential overseas investors. Given the value placed on senior-level engagement by many governments and companies, this consolidated Office of Trade and Investment Advocacy should be headed by a Deputy Assistant Secretary. The new office should also seek congres- sional authorization to utilize its FDI-promotion tools to encourage reshoring by U.S. businesses. BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY During the past two decades, technology transfer from America and its allies has helped accelerate adversaries’ technological and weapons capabilities. This tech- nology transfer on a massive scale has occurred because of adversaries’ exploitation of the U.S.’s open economy and education system through both commercial trans- actions and university and government research programs. Examples include the People’s Republic of China’s dramatic leaps forward in semiconductor design and fabrication, battery energy storage, nuclear weapons capabilities, artificial intel- ligence, space and aerospace engineering, and hypersonic weapons deployment. At the same time, the U.S. has systematically failed to protect critical assets. Rather than promulgate policies to better prevent technology transfer, the U.S. government has either ignored the problem or, worse, from 2008 through 2016 instituted a government-wide “Export Control Reform” process to loosen the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) governing exports of dual-use items to facilitate technology transfer to adversaries, either directly or indirectly through third-country transfers. Those reforms still present in the Department of Commerce’s EAR must be reversed. The United States needs stronger rules to protect technology transfer to adversaries while promoting technology integration and interoperability with allies. Further, U.S. export control regulations should be utilized to prevent theft of personally identifiable information and to encourage U.S. companies to shift production out of China and further diversify their supply chains to better advance U.S. national security interests. For all the below recommendations, BIS needs to move unilaterally while it works with allies to implement complementary export control policies. Waiting to act until allies are ready to move in lockstep is not an option while America’s national security is at risk. Emerging and Foundational Technologies. The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (ECRA) gave BIS permanent statutory authority to regulate exports of dual-use items (goods, software, and technology). ECRA also mandated that BIS

Department of Commerce

Moderate

Vector: 64%

Pages: 717-719AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill aligns with Project 2025's emphasis on U.S. innovation, competitiveness, and leadership in emerging technologies, particularly through the Department of Commerce's role in promoting blockchain development and security. However, the specific focus on blockchain technology is not explicitly mentioned in the provided Project 2025 excerpt, which centers on IP rights, NIST reforms, and MBDA functions rather than distributed ledger systems."

Key themes:innovationcompetitivenessDepartment of Commerce leadershipemerging technologynational security

— 685 — Department of Commerce l Establishing MBDA as a data and research clearinghouse for minority business enterprises and policymakers; l Coordinating amongst Cabinet agencies, state and local government, and trade associations to best leverage resources and encourage growth and innovation; and l Evaluating the harmful effects of unfair trade practices on minority-owned businesses and their employees. U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office carries out a core constitutional man- date from Section 8, Article 1: “The Congress shall have Power...[t]o promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discover- ies.” Strong intellectual property (IP) protections form the bedrock of American business and are a key factor in making the U.S. economy the most innovative in the world. As such, a conservative Administration must constantly work to strengthen IP rights and combat the incorrect view that strong IP rights some- how limit innovation. Political leadership in a new conservative Administration should: l Support like-minded countries as candidates for leadership in the World Intellectual Property Organization and build strong relationships with international partners to strengthen intellectual property rights. l Re-examine patent eligibility requirements in Section 101 of the Patent Act7 and support internal and/or legislative reforms to enable U.S. leadership in critical and emerging technologies such as quantum computing, 5G, and artificial intelligence. l Take a balanced approach to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board and prioritize rapid and transparent processing of applications and appeals. l Work with Administration partners and Congress to find and punish trademark infringers and counterfeiters. l Oppose efforts to provide intellectual property waivers for cutting-edge technologies, including for COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics, through the World Trade Organization’s Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreement or any other mechanism. — 686 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY The National Institute of Standards and Technology is charged with promoting U.S. innovation and competitiveness by “advancing measurement science, standards, and technology.”8 NIST carries out cutting edge research, helps industry establish standards and best practices, and is the nation’s foremost authority on measurements. NIST’s atomic clock, for instance, maintains the official time of the United States. An incoming Administration should evaluate the federal government’s civilian research footprint and consolidate those functions while ensuring that any research conducted with taxpayer dollars serves the national interest in a concrete way in line with conservative principles. Beyond this, an incoming Administration should: l Privatize the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership. The Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) establishes and manages a network of centers focused on advising small- and medium-sized manufacturers in order to improve processes and thereby strengthen the U.S. industrial base. When Congress created the program, MEP centers were intended to transition to self-sustaining private institutions after using government funds to begin operations, but the prohibition on long-term funding was abolished in 1998. MEP’s business advisory services would be more properly carried out by the private sector. The next Administration should propose legislation to zero out this $150 million program and fully privatize existing MEP centers. l Transfer the Baldridge Performance Excellence Program. This program’s “process” assists companies in improving management and operations, a function more properly and effectively carried out by the private sector. This program operates at a cost to taxpayers, despite thousands of dollars in fees charged to each participating company or entity and long-term plans to make the program self-sufficient. Maintenance and operation of the program should be entirely handed over to the Baldridge Award Foundation to be run by non-government staff via fees. l Increase value to taxpayers. NIST should reinvigorate the Technology Transfer and ROI (return on investment) initiatives begun under the Trump Administration. These initiatives help speed the process of commercializing science funded by the federal government. l Reestablish U.S. dominance in international standards. NIST should explore ways to incentivize broader U.S. participation in standards-setting bodies and the exclusion of participants from adversaries like China. Standards are set to facilitate trade in countries that utilize those standards: Countries

Department of Commerce

Moderate

Vector: 63%

Pages: 720-722AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"Both the bill and the Project 2025 Commerce section aim to bolster U.S. technological competitiveness and national security through Department of Commerce leadership, but they target different technology domains (blockchain vs. telecommunications/broadband)."

Key themes:Department of Commerce leadershiptechnology competitivenessnational securityeconomic growthinnovation promotion

— 688 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Defend U.S. interests in international bodies. Strong representation at the International Telecommunication Union should protect the interests of both private and government users of spectrum. The U.S. has differing needs from many other countries, for instance, because of U.S. government satellites and commercial space industry. NTIA should work with the U.S. delegation to ensure maximum adoption of the U.S. position. l Set fresh priorities in broadband grant programs. Reevaluate broadband grant programs and, when possible, establish Administration priorities in how each grant is structured. First and foremost, widespread deployment of infrastructure is needed for 5G adoption in rural and exurban areas, which will be a key factor in future economic competitiveness for these under-served communities. l Review FirstNet. Evaluate the performance and long-term value proposition of FirstNet in view of modern technologies that will render it obsolete. CONCLUSION The above policies, strategies, and tactics will set a new Administration on firm footing that allows the Department of Commerce to assist the President in implementing a bold agenda that delivers economic prosperity and strong national security to the American people. While many of the department’s functions fall outside the remit of the federal government, its unique authorities in diverse areas provide critical tools that can and should be brought to bear in implementing a conservative governing philosophy that keeps Americans safe and provides oppor- tunity for all. AUTHOR’S NOTE: This chapter includes invaluable input from over a dozen alumni of the Department of Commerce and numerous other members of the 2025 Presidential Transition Project. All contributors to this chapter are listed at the front of this volume, but James Rockas, Nazak Nikakhtar, Louis Heinzer, Robert Burkett, Iain Murray, Michael Gonzalez, David Legates, and Kristen Eichamer deserve special recognition. The author alone assumes responsibility for the content of this chapter, and no views expressed herein should be attributed to any other individual. — 689 — Department of Commerce ENDNOTES 1. Commerce Department Termination and Government Reorganization Act of 1995, S. Rep. 104–164, 104th Cong., 1st Sess., October 20, 1995; Angela Antonelli, “Five Good Reasons to Close Down The Department of Commerce,” Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 1181, May 20, 1998, https://www.heritage.org/ budget-and-spending/report/five-good-reasons-close-down-the-department-commerce; and Competitive Enterprise Institute, “Shrinking Government Bureaucracy: Reorganizing the Executive Branch to Boost Economic Growth and Freedom,” August 2017, https://cei.org/shrinking-government-bureaucracy/ (accessed December 16, 2022). 2. News release, “Latest Study of 120 Million Forecasts Proves AccuWeather Forecasts Are More Accurate,” AccuWeather, January 14, 2020, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/latest-study-of-120-million- forecasts-proves-accuweather-forecasts-are-most-accurate-300986848.html (accessed December 16, 2022). 3. In general, performance-based organizations are established to set forth clear measures of performance, hold the head of the organization accountable for achieving results, and grant the head of the organization authority to deviate from government rules if needed to achieve agreed-upon results. 4. Federal Register, Vol. 34, No. 45 (March 7, 1969), pp. 4935–4938. 5. U.S. Department of Commerce, Minority Business Development Agency, “The History of the MBDA,” https:// www.mbda.gov/about/history (accessed March 15, 2023). 6. Ashley Winston, The Contribution of Minority Business Enterprises to the U.S. Economy, U.S. Department of Commerce, Minority Business Development Agency, September 2021, p. 7, https://www.mbda.gov/sites/ default/files/2021-09/The%20Contribution%20of%20MBEs%20to%20US%20Economy%20Report%20%20 -%20September%202021.pdf (accessed March 2, 2023). 7. 35 U.S. Code § 101. 8. National Institute of Standards and Technology, “About NIST,” https://www.nist.gov/about-nist (accessed December 16, 2022). 9. Donald J. Trump, “Executive Order on Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain” Executive Order No. 13873, May 15, 2019, https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/presidential- actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/ (accessed March 20, 2023).

Department of Energy and Related Commissions

Moderate

Vector: 63%

Pages: 425-427AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"Both the bill and the Project 2025 policy emphasize advancing U.S. technological competitiveness, protecting national and economic security, and ensuring that federally supported innovations benefit American private sector interests. However, the bill focuses on blockchain technology under the Department of Commerce, while the policy centers on DOE's Office of Science, National Labs, and areas like AI, cybersecurity, and space, resulting in only moderate thematic overlap."

Key themes:national securityeconomic competitivenesstechnology transfer to private sectoroversight and coordinationpromoting U.S. innovation

— 393 — Department of Energy and Related Commissions l Ensure that R&D funds are used for projects that protect and advance that edge. l Ensure that successful advances, with a focus on new natural resource development technologies, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and space, are transferred swiftly to American interests in the private sector. New Policies l Focus on benefits to Americans. OTT’s operations should be based on the recognition that the new technologies generated by American taxpayers’ investment in DOE are a significant national security asset rather than some neutral scientific gift to humanity. l Increase oversight and coordination. OTT needs to be vigilant in overseeing and coordinating OTT offices associated with each National Lab. For security and economic espionage reasons, the work funded by the American people needs to be protected, and when commercialized, it needs to go to American businesses. OFFICE OF SCIENCE (SC) Mission/Overview The Office of Science (SC) supports and oversees research facilities and pro- grams that cover basic science through its application to the demonstration and deployment of energy technologies. SC oversees 10 of the 17 DOE National Labs and 28 major federal research user facilities. Its mission is to preserve U.S. leader- ship in science, fund and perform basic research, and provide the scientific facilities that the private sector is unable or unwilling to provide. New initiatives include quantum information sciences and artificial intelligence. SC is led by a Senate-con- firmed Director at the Assistant Secretary level and has eight program offices.82 Needed Reforms The next conservative President should commit the United States to scientific dominance to support national and economic security, especially in light of similar efforts by China. To aid in this effort, the Office of Science should: l Return to its primary mission: nonpartisan and basic science. SC’s mission should be international leadership in basic and early applied science and provision of world-leading facilities for this work. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and Inflation Reduction Act mark the major — 394 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise reorientation of DOE primarily from defense applications in the NNSA and basic and early applied science across SC and the applied offices to a massive federal research, development, demonstration, and commercialization body.83 Distraction from SC’s basic science mission should be prevented. l Increase the level of accountability. The National Laboratories need to be more directly accountable to the Secretary of Energy and Congress for their work and management. New Policies l Commit to U.S. science dominance. The United States is losing its dominance in scientific discoveries and technological development. China and other adversaries have been stealing American science and technology for years and are now on the verge of dominating science—a development that is fraught with negative strategic and economic implications for the United States. The next Administration must commit itself to ensuring that the U.S. continues to dominate scientific discovery and technological advancement. l Refocus on mission and eliminate duplication and waste. The Administration should work with Congress to rationalize the National Lab network to meet specific national objectives (such as the NNSA laboratories’ role in national defense) and conduct basic research that the private sector would not otherwise conduct. Activities that duplicate those of other government agencies or the private sector should be eliminated. l Properly manage the National Labs’ contributions to the private sector. SC should improve private-sector access to the National Labs, through programs like the GAIN voucher program and consistent with national security considerations, while ensuring that the economic benefits of taxpayer-funded technologies flow back to taxpayers through patent- review sharing or a revolving fund. Budget The Office of Science was appropriated slightly more than $7 billion in FY 2021, and DOE requested slightly less than $7.8 billion for FY 2023.84 OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (EM) Mission/Overview The Office of Environmental Management’s mission is to “complete the safe cleanup of [the] environmental legacy resulting from decades of nuclear

Department of Energy and Related Commissions

Weak

Vector: 62%

Pages: 398-400AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill focuses on promoting blockchain technology through the Department of Commerce, while the Project 2025 policy emphasizes energy independence, repealing climate-related spending, and refocusing energy agencies on security and innovation—there is minimal thematic overlap beyond a shared emphasis on technological advancement and national security."

Key themes:national securitytechnology innovationeconomic competitiveness

— 365 — Department of Energy and Related Commissions l Support repeal of massive spending bills like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA)3 and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA),4 which established new programs and are providing hundreds of billions of dollars in subsidies to renewable energy developers, their investors, and special interests, and support the rescinding of all funds not already spent by these programs. l Unleash private-sector energy innovation by ending government interference in energy decisions. l Stop the war on oil and natural gas. l Allow individuals, families, and business to use the energy resources they want to use and that will best serve their needs. l Secure and protect energy infrastructure from cyber and physical attacks. l Refocus the Department of Energy on energy security, accelerated remediation, and advanced science. l Promote U.S. energy resources as a means to assist our allies and diminish our strategic adversaries. l Refocus FERC on ensuring that customers have affordable and reliable electricity, natural gas, and oil and no longer allow it to favor special interests and progressive causes. l Ensure that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission facilitates rather than hampers private-sector nuclear energy innovation and deployment. American Science Dominance. Ever since the age of Benjamin Franklin, the United States has been at the forefront of scientific discovery and technological advancement. Beginning with the groundbreaking science of the Manhattan Proj- ect, the U.S. has developed 17 National Laboratories that conduct fundamental and advanced scientific research. The National Labs have been critical in supporting national defense and ensuring that the United States leads on scientific discoveries with transformative applications that benefit America and the world. In recent years, however, U.S. science has been under threat. Externally, adversaries like the Chinese military have been engaged in scientific espionage, infiltrating taxpayer-funded scientific research projects, and funding their own science research. In addition, the National Labs have been too focused on climate change and renewable technologies.

Showing 3 of 5 policy matches

About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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